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Jon is a legal scholar and social scientist based at Osgoode Hall Law School, York University, in Toronto, where he is an Associate Professor and holds the York Research Chair in Artificial Intelligence, Data Governance, and the Law. 

He is the author of Chilling Effects: Repression, Conformity, and Power in the Digital Age, forthcoming with Cambridge University Press, and is a long time Faculty Associate of Harvard's Berkman Klein Center for Internet and Society; Research Fellow at the Citizen Lab based at the University of Toronto’s Munk School of Global Affairs and Public Policy; and Research Associate of the Citizens and Technology (CAT) Lab based at Cornell University. In recent years, he has also spent time as a Visiting Scholar at Harvard’s Institute for Rebooting Social Media; as a Visiting Research Fellow at the Harvard Kennedy School’s Shorenstein Center on Media, Politics, and Public Policy; and as a Research Affiliate of Princeton’s Center for Information Technology Policy. Jon’s expertise lies at the intersection of law, technology, and human rights, with an emphasis on emerging technologies like AI, machine learning, and automation, as well as interdisciplinary and empirical methods. 

His research often explores the privacy, security, and safety dimensions of these technologies and their implications for law, policy, and human rights. His award winning research has been published in leading law reviews and international conferences and has received national and international attention, coverage in the Washington Post, Reuters International, New York Times, NBC News, CBC News, Time Magazine, Le Monde, and The Guardian among other outlets, and has been chronicled in both WIRED and Harvard Magazine. Originally from Halifax, Nova Scotia, Jon has studied law at Columbia Law School as a Fulbright Scholar and at Oxford as a Mackenzie King Travelling Scholar. He holds a doctorate in “Information, Communication, and the Social Sciences” from the interdisciplinary Oxford Internet Institute at the University of Oxford (Balliol College).

Publications

Publication
Aug 14, 2017

Perspectives on Harmful Speech Online

This collection of short essays and opinion pieces on harmful speech online covers a broad spectrum of thought and ideas from the Berkman Klein community.

Community

Journal of Online Trust & Safety

Science and Causality in Technology Litigation

Jon Penney and Nathan Matias offer commentary on a 2023 lawsuit filed against Meta which alleged that its social media platforms harm young users' mental health.

Apr 28, 2025
Florida Law Review

The Chilling Effects of Dobbs

In an essay for the Florida Law Review, Jon Penney and Danielle Citron explore the ways that the Dobbs decision spurred a level of "corporate surveillance of intimate life [that]…

Mar 1, 2025
The Globe and Mail

The TikTok ban is already dead in the water

Faculty Associate Jon Penny argues that the law banning TikTok has failed.

Jan 24, 2025
Minnesota Law Review

Understanding Chilling Effects

Jon Penney outlines a new framework for understanding "chilling effects" on speech.

Jun 7, 2021
BKC Medium Collection

Legal Risks of Adversarial Machine Learning Research

Studying or testing the security of any operational system potentially runs afoul of the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act

Jul 15, 2020
Medium

Politics of Adversarial Machine Learning

Adversarial machine-learning attacks and defenses have political dimensions

Apr 23, 2020
Centre for International Governance Innovation

Protecting Information Consumers

Jonathon Penney proposes a new comprehensive regulatory framework to hold social media platforms accountable

Oct 28, 2019
NiemanReports

Trudeau’s Blackface: The Chilling Effects of Disinformation on Political Engagement

During election season, journalists should be ready for even more sophisticated attempts to plant false narratives and to spin disinformation via legitimate news stories

Oct 3, 2019

Events

Event
Nov 29, 2023 @ 12:00 PM

Platforms, Privacy, and Power

Why Intimate Privacy Protections Matter (RSM Speaker Series)

The Institute for Rebooting Social welcomes Jon Penney and Alexis Shore for a discussion of their research on platform intimate privacy protections, coauthored with Danielle…

Event
Mar 29, 2023 @ 12:30 PM

March 29: Technology and the Public Interest

Haochen Sun will discuss his new book with Jon Penney and Yong Jin Park...

Apr 27, 2016 @ 12:00 PM

"Chilling Effects": Insights on how laws and surveillance impact people online

with Jon Penney

In this talk, Jon will draw on his doctoral research at the Oxford Internet Institute, University of Oxford, to fill in some of the gaps in our understanding of chilling effects…

Feb 26, 2013 @ 12:30 PM

Internet Censorship and the Remembrance of Infowars Past

Jon Penney, Berkman Center Fellow

Jon Penney will explore the international law and politics of information wars past for lessons in Internet censorship resistance today.