Symposium on PMSCs: AI Broke the Code – The International Code of Conduct for Private Security Service Providers and Emerging Technologies

In a symposium post for Opinio Juris, Lubin examines how AI-driven private security contractors are pushing beyond the limits of the International Code of Conduct for Private Security Service Providers (ICoC). He argues that the Code, originally designed for kinetic operations, must urgently expand to address dual-use surveillance technologies, embed obligations at the design phase of tools like Lattice, and reinvigorate digital rights protections during armed conflict. As privatized AI reshapes modern warfare, Lubin questions whether some sovereign functions should be outsourced at all.

Read more at Opinio Juris.