Joan Donovan explains recent disinformation campaigns, including those stemming from the top-down and bottom-up.
“The top-down and the bottom-up disinformation does, in a way, meet in the middle in the sense that it does circulate really well across social media,” she says. "[Social media] wasn’t built for news, it wasn’t built for science, it wasn’t built for knowledge. And yet, we find ourselves in the middle of a pandemic where one of our most valuable and key infrastructures is social media.”