The Future of News

Topic owners: Dharmishta Rood, Jon Fildes

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This is the landing page for the 2009 session of IIF:The Future of News, updated with thoughts and reflections on the class after the event. You can read the page as it was before the class here. In this class we grappled with future models of news production, revenue models and distribution. For this particular couse session, student participants were asked to submit surveys about their news consumption and also create video presentations of future newsroom business models on seesmic. The course discussion was facilitated by discussion with Russ Stanton, LATimes editor, and Jeff Jarvis, a prominent blogger and author on the subject. The course discussion lasted for two hours on Monday night and included participaiton on the Berkman Question Tool and also a live video feed on Mogulous

Summary

The traditional media industry is in turmoil. Circulation of newspapers is falling. Some, such as the Tribune group, are saddled with huge debts and have filed for bankruptcy. Staff are being laid off, costs are being cut and foreign bureaus are being shut. Audiences are fragmenting, advertising spending is plummeting and the valuations of companies are dropping. TV and radio are experiencing similar problems. Some organisations, such as Pasadena Now, have even begun outsourcing local news reporting to India.

Most of these changes have been blamed on the arrival of the web, which has changed how information is produced and consumed. Now, anyone can be a news gatherer, publisher and distributor. The balance of power has changed. Yet at the same time there is a paradox; the web offers organisations a huge opportunity to reach out to audiences and connect with them in new ways.

This class aimed to explore at least two of the challenges currently facing the media industry:

• What will the business model of the future look like? As Richard Sambrook , Director of the BBC's Global News division, says: “Newspapers and broadcasters have lived for decades by selling audiences to advertisers. Now the number of eyeballs per page or per programme is falling - but we have much greater detail and granularity about where they are going and what they are doing online. Media organisations have to find a way to extract the commercial value from that”. Already, groups such as spot.us and Pro Publica are experimenting with new business models, such as community-funded reporters and grant funded newsrooms. Others, such as the Christian Science Monitor, have ditched the old way of doing things and have gone entirely online. Others, such as the Detroit News and the Detroit Free Press, seem to be following a similar strategy by cutting back on home deliveries. Will these work? Are these the right approach?

• What will the newspapers or media outlets of the future look like? The New York Times is using its website in new and innovative ways. Others experiments, such as the LA Times wiki editorials, have been less successful. So, how should papers engage with their audience? Is news reporting now a collaborative process? How should they respond to citizen journalism? Are they competing or should they - and can they - work together?

The class also explored some of the issues facing the future of the news industry. Could they disappear? Does it matter if they do? What values are at stake beyond what the markets appear to be able to sustain? Should governments intervene to save them in the same way as they have decided to prop up the ailing car manufacturing industry? Is this an appropriate intervention? Should it be left to market forces? Ultimately, what is the future for “old media”?

Question of the week

In retrospect we found this question a bit broad, making it difficult to keep constrained within the subject of newspapers, and on-task about specifically solving problems of news production in a online environment.

What values are at stake in the newspaper industry and what could - or should - be done to maintain them?

Contributors

We had two guests: Russ Stanton, editor at the LA Times, and Jeff Jarvis, associate professor and director of the interactive journalism program at the City University of New York and author of What Would Google Do?.

Background and Discussion

We found it useful to use popular and current articles to give the students an up-to-date overview of the subject matter.

Readings:

• Write Now. Mark Pinsky of the New Republic on why Barack Obama should resurrect the Federal Writers Project and bail out laid-off journalists.
• End Times. Michael Hirschorn of the Atlantic asks whether the New York Times can survive the death of newsprint?
  • (optional: NYT response)
• David Carr of the NYT on why newspapers need an iTunes moment. Jemima Kiss of the Guardian disagrees.
  • (optional: news philanthropy and oppositional views to it)
  • (optional: Goodbye to the Age of Newspapers (Hello to a New Era of Corruption) by Paul Starr in the New Republic.

Background information:

• A short introduction to the newspaper crisis on the Daily Show
• LA Times to lay off 300
• Jeff Jarvis on whether the LA Times should switch off its printing presses, and a follow up
• Can Journalism go with the flow? by Jeff Jarvis
• The AP report (PDF) mentioned in Overload!
• Boing Boing post by Clay Shirky: The Newspaper Industry and the Arrival of the Glaciers
• Newspapers outsource newsgathering
• Tribune Co. Bankruptcy
• A view from the other side: a newspaper journalist ignores the potential of the web
• Columbia Journalism Review article: Overload!- Journalism’s battle for relevance in an age of too much information
• blogs, pageviews and worth
• Times Extra! and some thoughts about it and other things
• Bad news, good news: the industry in numbers
• Citizen Media Law Project
• An ad-model based off of twitter? How could this be applied to news?
• Online Pulitzers anyone?
• For those of you who have never read online news: 10 things every newspaper and magazine website must do
• Why Google defines the new digital economy by Jeff Jarvis

Relevant Projects:

• Spot.us
• Everyblock
• NYTimes Extra
• Now Public
• Oh My News
• Ground Report
• Pro Publica
• TypePad for Journalists

Recent news news that may be of interest to your group: http://tech.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=09/02/10/2211220&from=rss Gwen 19:19, 11 February 2009 (UTC)

And another, which you've probably already seen: http://www.time.com/time/business/article/0,8599,1877191,00.html Gwen 12:26, 18 February 2009 (UTC)

Technology

After all the videos were submitted we edited some of the highlights to play out in class.

We also sent around a short survey using Google Docs before the class to get a sense of people's news consumption.

Each class registered for a Seesmic account. Seesmic is a video blogging application which has been called the "Twitter of video". It allows threaded video discussions. You can watch a video explainer here

We also webcast the class using Mogulus and encouraged people to use twitter during and after the session. We also used the Berkman question tool to field questions from the audience members and those watching the webcast.

Task

Perhaps earlier deadlines would have been advantageous to us as session facilitators, as many were submitted right at the deadline and others had technical difficulties that were unanticipated, causing unnecessary stress to our students and putting intense time constraints on us to compile the videos.

Clearly, this was a huge area and we were not able to discuss every issues facing the newspaper industy. Instead, we tried to look to the future and encouraged the discussion to start before the class and continue after it finished.

Hence, we asked each group to use a webcam or mobile phone to record an elevator pitch and post it to Seesmic before the day of the class. The pitch was supposed to describe a new business model, working practice or technology that the group thought newspapers should adopt. Alternatively, groups could pitch a policy proposal directed at the newspaper industry. We'd also asked groups to explain what effect their idea would have. We listed some relevant projects above as inspiration.

Each pitch was short - around 2-3 minutes. The video thread is archived here. We asked groups to post their pitch as a reply. If ideas overlapped with an previously posted video, we asked groups to reply building on the idea. We also asked our guest speakers and professors to record their own thoughts, to no avail.

Class Participation

participatin'

Session Recap

liveblog of the event from Graham Webster at transpacifica.net

post-event interview with Jeff Jarvis by the Nieman Journalism Lab

post-event interview with Russ Stanton by the Nieman Journalism Lab

Teacher's Guide

The following section deals with the strengths and weaknesses of a course on this topic done in this format.