Educational Materials: Difference between revisions

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== Field Definition ==
== Field Definition ==


=== Basic Definition ===
=== Basic Definition ===
The field of educational materials (EM) refers to a subset of the book, games, Internet, and software publishing industries that is focused on providing resources to a variety of educational market segments. For instance, PricewaterhouseCoopers characterizes the EM sector as divided into digital and non-digital solutions [[Bibliography for Item 1 in EM|(Cola, et al. 2009)]]. At the K-12 educational level, digital solutions include a range of technologies used to enhance the delivery and the administration of K-12 education, including data management systems, web-based course and assessment materials, and online tutoring and professional development—however, we will only focus on those digital solutions products that have specific educational purposes and where knowledge is embedded in a form that can be enclosed by some form of intellectual property. Regarding non-digital solutions, we include textbooks, course packs and other supplementary materials, and various educative toys and games.
The field of educational materials (EM) refers to a subset of the book, games, Internet, and software publishing industries that is focused on providing resources to a variety of educational market segments. For instance, PricewaterhouseCoopers characterizes the EM sector as divided into digital and non-digital solutions [[Bibliography for Item 1 in EM|(Cola, et al. 2009)]]. At the K-12 educational level, digital solutions include a range of technologies used to enhance the delivery and the administration of K-12 education, including data management systems, web-based course and assessment materials, and online tutoring and professional development—however, we will only focus on those digital solutions products that have specific educational purposes and where knowledge is embedded in a form that can be enclosed by some form of intellectual property. Regarding non-digital solutions, we include textbooks, course packs and other supplementary materials, and various educative toys and games.


Actors providing these materials are private companies such as publishers controlling the textbook and complementary materials markets; global media companies focused on the family-based market, such as the Discovery Channel; public institutions, such as National Public Radio; universities and their presses, providing both closed and open educational materials; and independent organizations and associations comprising educators and interested individuals wanting to contribute to the open educational resources ([[Commons-based Cases in EM#OER|OER]]) movement.
Actors providing these materials are private companies such as publishers controlling the textbook and complementary materials markets; global media companies focused on the family-based market, such as the Discovery Channel; public institutions, such as National Public Radio; universities and their presses, providing both closed and open educational materials; and independent organizations and associations comprising educators and interested individuals wanting to contribute to the open educational resources ([[Commons-based Cases in EM#OER|OER]]) movement.


"A significant feature of most educational resources is that they are restricted to many and can cost a lot to gain access to. This is largely because of a market economy around educational resources. They are copyrighted and packaged up as objects—books, journals, videos—that have to be bought from a store or accessed through course fees or university repositories (libraries in most cases). Even if this copyrighted material is available in public libraries, it is then effectively rationed by the numbers of copies available and the costs and opportunity costs involved in people traveling to the library to use them (with that use being further restricted by the all rights reserved copyright applied to them)." [[Bibliography for Item 1 in EM|(Iiyoshi and Kumar 2008, 149)]]
"A significant feature of most educational resources is that they are restricted to many and can cost a lot to gain access to. This is largely because of a market economy around educational resources. They are copyrighted and packaged up as objects—books, journals, videos—that have to be bought from a store or accessed through course fees or university repositories (libraries in most cases). Even if this copyrighted material is available in public libraries, it is then effectively rationed by the numbers of copies available and the costs and opportunity costs involved in people traveling to the library to use them (with that use being further restricted by the all rights reserved copyright applied to them)." [[Bibliography for Item 1 in EM|(Iiyoshi and Kumar 2008, 149)]]


=== Technology History ===
=== Technology History ===
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** e.g. [http://www.flickr.com/ Flickr] photos used for media education,
** e.g. [http://www.flickr.com/ Flickr] photos used for media education,
** e.g. [http://www.youtube.com/edu YouTube EDU]
** e.g. [http://www.youtube.com/edu YouTube EDU]
== [[Educational_Materials/Paper|EM Paper]]==
This is the most recent draft of a paper summarizing the Educational Materials research contained in the wiki.
== EM Essay==
* [http://publius.cc/brief_overview_us_public_policy_oer_californias_community_colleges_obama_ad A Brief Overview of U.S. Public Policy on OER from California's Community Colleges to the Obama Administration]
by Carolina Rossini, Erhardt Graeff, October 1, 2009


== Study of the Field ==
== Study of the Field ==
Analyses of the EM sector are based on the [[Field Research Methodology]] at:
=== [[The K-12 Level]] ===
=== [[The K-12 Level]] ===
Analysis of the K-12 sector of the Educational Materials field, following the [[ICP Main Questions]].
=== [[The Higher Education Level]] ===
=== [[The Higher Education Level]] ===
 
Analysis of the Higher Education sector of the Educational Materials field, following the [[ICP Main Questions]].
<br>
Quadrants Mappings based on the field analysis for each market segment:
 
=== [[Textbooks#Quadrants Mapping|Quadrants Mapping: Textbooks]] ===
=== [[Textbooks#Quadrants Mapping|Quadrants Mapping: Textbooks]] ===
 
These are the early "Quadrants Mappings" based on the field analysis for each Educational Materials market segment.
== Bibliographies Addressing Research Outline ==
 
[[Bibliography for Item 1 in EM]]<br>
[[Bibliography for Item 2 in EM]]<br>
[[Bibliography for Item 3 in EM]]<br>
[[Bibliography for Item 4 in EM]]<br>
[[Bibliography for Item 5 in EM]]<br>
[[Bibliography for Item 6 in EM]]<br>
[[Bibliography for Item 7 in EM]]<br>
[[Bibliography for Item 8 in EM]]<br>
[[Bibliography for Item 9 in EM]]<br>
[[Bibliography for Item 10 in EM]]<br>
[[Bibliography for Item 11 in EM]]


== Resources ==
== Resources ==
=== Blogs and News ===
=== [[Educational Materials/Bibliography by Research Question|Bibliography by Research Question]] ===
:''See [[Blogs to watch on EM]]''
=== [[Educational Materials/Bibliography by Resource Type|Bibliography by Resource Type]] ===
 
=== [[Educational Materials/Interviews|Interviews and Notes]] ===
=== Interviews ===  
=== [[Blogs to watch on EM]] ===
:''See [[Contacts for EM]]''
=== [[Contacts for EM]] ===
 
*'''[[Contacts for EM#Contacted|Jonathan Emmons]]''', Community Development Specialist, [http://cnx.org Connexions]
*:''See [[Jonathan Emmons Interview Notes - March 25, 2009]]''
*'''[[Contacts for EM#Contacted|Ahrash Bissell]]''', Executive Director, [http://learn.creativecommons.org/ ccLearn]
*:''See [[Ahrash Bissell Interview Notes - May 12, 2009]]''
*:''See [[Ahrash Bissell Interview Notes - July 20, 2009]]''
*'''[[Contacts for EM#Contacted|Hal Plotkin]]''', Senior Advisor, U.S. Department of Education
*:''See [[Hal Plotkin Interview Notes - August 10, 2009]]''
*'''[[Contacts for EM#Contacted|Bobbi Kurshan]]''', Executive Director, [http://curriki.org Curriki]
*:''See [[Bobbi Kurshan Interview Notes - August 17, 2009]]''
*'''[[Contacts for EM#Contacted|Joel Thierstein]]''', Executive Director, [http://cnx.org Connexions]
*:''See [[Joel Thierstein Interview Notes - August 19, 2009]]''
*'''[[Contacts for EM#Contacted| Kathi Fletcher]]''', Project Manager, [http://cnx.org Connexions]
**''See [[Kathi Fletcher Interview Notes - August 26, 2009]]''
*'''[[Contacts for EM#Contacted|Anne Schreiber]]''', Chief Academic Officer, [http://curriki.org Curriki]
*:''See [[Anne Schreiber Interview Notes - August 27, 2009]]''
*'''[[Contacts for EM#Contacted|Anne Schreiber]]''', Chief Academic Officer, [http://curriki.org Curriki]
*:''See [[Anne Schreiber Interview Notes - August 31, 2009]]''
*'''[[Contacts for EM#Contacted|Neeru Khosla]]''', Executive Director, [http://ck12.org CK-12 Foundation]
*:''See [[Neeru Khosla Interview Notes - September 4, 2009]]''
*'''[[Contacts for EM#Contacted|Peter Levy]]''', Strategic Development, [http://curriki.org Curriki]
*:''See [[Peter Levy Interview Notes - September 18, 2009]]''
*'''[[Contacts for EM#Contacted|Cathy Swift]]''', Director of Academic Partner Services, [http://merlot.org/ MERLOT]
*:''See [[Cathy Swift Interview Notes - September 21, 2009]]''
*'''[[Contacts for EM#Contacted|Bill Hughes]]''', Director of New Ventures and Business Development, [http://www.pearsoned.com/ Pearson Education]
*:''See [[Bill Hughes Interview Notes - October 7, 2009]]''
*'''[[Contacts for EM#Contacted|Eric Frank]]''', Co-Founder, [http://flatworldknowledge.com Flat World Knowledge]
*:''See [[Eric Frank Interview Notes - October 22, 2009]]''


= Navigation =
= Navigation =

Latest revision as of 23:14, 5 May 2010

Field Definition

Basic Definition

The field of educational materials (EM) refers to a subset of the book, games, Internet, and software publishing industries that is focused on providing resources to a variety of educational market segments. For instance, PricewaterhouseCoopers characterizes the EM sector as divided into digital and non-digital solutions (Cola, et al. 2009). At the K-12 educational level, digital solutions include a range of technologies used to enhance the delivery and the administration of K-12 education, including data management systems, web-based course and assessment materials, and online tutoring and professional development—however, we will only focus on those digital solutions products that have specific educational purposes and where knowledge is embedded in a form that can be enclosed by some form of intellectual property. Regarding non-digital solutions, we include textbooks, course packs and other supplementary materials, and various educative toys and games.

Actors providing these materials are private companies such as publishers controlling the textbook and complementary materials markets; global media companies focused on the family-based market, such as the Discovery Channel; public institutions, such as National Public Radio; universities and their presses, providing both closed and open educational materials; and independent organizations and associations comprising educators and interested individuals wanting to contribute to the open educational resources (OER) movement.

"A significant feature of most educational resources is that they are restricted to many and can cost a lot to gain access to. This is largely because of a market economy around educational resources. They are copyrighted and packaged up as objects—books, journals, videos—that have to be bought from a store or accessed through course fees or university repositories (libraries in most cases). Even if this copyrighted material is available in public libraries, it is then effectively rationed by the numbers of copies available and the costs and opportunity costs involved in people traveling to the library to use them (with that use being further restricted by the all rights reserved copyright applied to them)." (Iiyoshi and Kumar 2008, 149)

Technology History

See History of EM Field

Taxonomy of Educational Materials Industries

Focus Market Segments

  • K-12 Level
    The Educational Materials sector for K-12 in the US can be divided into non-digital and digital solutions. Digital Solutions is a general term that describes a range of technologies used to enhance the delivery and the administration of K-12 education, including data management systems, web-based course and assessment materials, and online tutoring and professional development. While under the non-digital solutions for K-12 education we find textbooks, course-materials and other products, such as educative toys and games.
  • Higher Education Level
    Similar to the K-12 Level, the Educational Materials sector for Higher Education can be divided into non-digital and digital solutions. However, there is a strong emphasis on the traditional college textbook and related course materials, including non-textbook academic and professional works used in college courses often published by University Presses. Digital solutions for Higher Education are most often electronic versions of textbooks and supplementary materials or activities.

De-prioritized Market Segments

  • Educational Software
  • Educational Video Games
  • Internet-based Activities (in Flash, Java, etc.)

Excluded from Field Definition

  • Encyclopedias
  • Periodicals
  • Non-digital Educational Games
  • Any resource not overtly produced for educational purposes

EM Paper

This is the most recent draft of a paper summarizing the Educational Materials research contained in the wiki.

EM Essay

by Carolina Rossini, Erhardt Graeff, October 1, 2009

Study of the Field

The K-12 Level

Analysis of the K-12 sector of the Educational Materials field, following the ICP Main Questions.

The Higher Education Level

Analysis of the Higher Education sector of the Educational Materials field, following the ICP Main Questions.

Quadrants Mapping: Textbooks

These are the early "Quadrants Mappings" based on the field analysis for each Educational Materials market segment.

Resources

Bibliography by Research Question

Bibliography by Resource Type

Interviews and Notes

Blogs to watch on EM

Contacts for EM

Navigation

Back to ICP Team Wiki Main Page

Retrieved from "http://cyber.harvard.edu/commonsbasedresearch/?title=Educational_Materials&oldid=7256"