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Open Economies - Making the commons usable [Date Prev][Date Next][Thread Prev][Thread Next][Date Index][Thread Index] Making the commons usable
This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_0093_01C10B8E.53F34D00 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable In my opinion the problem lies indeed in how to "simplify" the = information in a way that it may be apprehended by the local communities = and made part of their background knowledge. I don=B4t think the = language itself is a major problem - especially when we consider that = English is, after all, the Esperanto that worked out :o). As long as the = information is sufficiently "user-friendly", I think almost everywhere = it should be easy to have it translated into the local languages for = ease of access to such material. __________________________________________________ Ana Carolina Horta Barretto e-mail: acbarretto@veirano.com.br VEIRANO & ADVOGADOS ASSOCIADOS Rua Dona Laura 320, 13o. andar, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil Phone: + 55 51 3330-7586 Fax: + 55 51 3388-1122 website: www.veirano.com.br __________________________________________________=20 Rio de Janeiro - S=E3o Paulo - Brasilia - Fortaleza - Recife ----- Original Message -----=20 From: "Diane Cabell" <dcabell@law.harvard.edu> To: <openeconomies@eon.law.harvard.edu> Sent: Friday, July 13, 2001 9:57 AM Subject: Making the commons usable > How do we translate sophisticated information into usable, = understandable > language (either the local language or the lay language)? Is it = sufficient > that it's in English? In French? Would translation services be = something > that the local economy could develop? >=20 > Diane Cabell > Berkman Center >=20 >=20 > > --- "Moore, James" <jmoore@geopartners.com> wrote: > > > > > > Let's create a Knowledge Commons to stimulate > > > knowledge-based economic > > > development > > > > > > James F. Moore > > > Berkman Center for Internet and Society > > > > > > Common resources are vital > > > In traditional agrarian societies, there are common > > > resources shared and > > > used by members of the community. Some of these > > > common resources are > > > physical: water, grazing rights on a common field or > > > mountainside, > > > fishing rights offshore. Others involve knowledge: > > > agricultural > > > methods, medical lore, child-rearing practices, > > > language and literacy, > > > and psychological and spiritual training. > > > > > > Similarly, in advanced knowledge-based economies > > > such as the United > > > States, there are common resources shared and used > > > by members of the > > > community. In particular, there are knowledge-based > > > resources that have > > > been enormously important for the development of > > > these advanced > > > economies. Examples include the public education > > > system, ranging from > > > elementary and secondary schools to graduate > > > fellowships, paid for by > > > government funds, to train scientists and engineers. > > > I myself benefited > > > from extensive public subsidization of my education, > > > including a > > > post-doctoral fellowship paid for by one of the US > > > national scientific > > > institutes. This is true for many involved in the > > > high technology > > > economy. Other notable examples include the > > > billions of dollars > > > invested each year in pharmaceutical research by the > > > US government, > > > either directly in research centers such as the > > > National Institutes of > > > Health, or indirectly through government funding of > > > university-based > > > research. The Internet itself, as is well known, > > > grew out of the > > > government-funded ARPANET. Indeed, the US > > > government not only developed > > > the Internet, it also funded the operation of the > > > Internet backbone > > > during the crucial first years before usage reached > > > critical mass in > > > numbers of users and service providers. > > > > > > Emerging elements of a Knowledge Commons > > > > > > > > > > > > It may be possible to use knowledge-based common > > > resources to accelerate > > > economic and social development in regions of the > > > world with less > > > advanced economies. A +IBw-Knowledge Commons+IB0- > > > can become a shared resource > > > to those creating knowledge-based businesses and > > > industries in the > > > developing world. > > > > > > There are a number of interesting examples of > > > elements of knowledge that > > > are being made available in the developing world for > > > purposes of > > > advancing social and economic development. These > > > and other similar > > > resources illustrate what a Knowledge Commons would > > > be constituted from: > > > > > > Some leading universities are making their course > > > materials available > > > free online. Perhaps most notable is the > > > Massachusetts Institute of > > > Technology, which recently committed to make > > > +IBw-open source+IB0- its course > > > content, distributing it free over the worldwide > > > web. MIT Open Course > > > Ware > > > > > +ADw-http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/nr/2001/ocw.html+AD4-. > > > > > > > > > The major medical journals have just announced that > > > they will make > > > themselves available at a dramatic discount in > > > developing countries. > > > Medical Journals for Developing Countries > > > > > +ADw-http://www.nytimes.com/2001/07/09/health/09MEDI.html+AD4- > > > (Reading this > > > article requires registering, available free of > > > charge, to the New York > > > Times online version.) > > > > > > The Digital Opportunity Task Force report to the > > > Genoa Summit of the G8 > > > group of Nations, to be held in two weeks, > > > recommends that Open Source > > > software be adapted and distributed widely as a > > > means of promoting > > > economic development and e-government. > > > > > = http://dotforce.org/reports/dot+AF8-force+AF8-report+AF8-v+AF8-5.0h.html > > > > > > > > +ADw-http://www.markle.org/DigitalOpportunitiesforAll.pdf+AD4- > > > > > > > > > The debate over how to make drugs available to fight > > > AIDS has brought > > > attention to the need to allow some regions of the > > > world freedom from > > > paying for the knowledge-based part of the price of > > > drugs. It is my view > > > that the answer to AIDS and other infectious > > > diseases will create a de > > > facto knowledge commons that includes pharmaceutical > > > intellectual > > > property. This is already occurring through a > > > combination of discounting > > > by pharmaceutical companies, the threat of > > > compulsory licensing of drug > > > patents, and through importing drugs from nations > > > such as Brazil and > > > India that recognize process-patents but not > > > use-patents. > > > > > > Proposal and request for your help to create a > > > Knowledge Commons > > > > > > > > > > > > We at Open Economies are interested in joining with > > > others who would > > > like to pursue creating a Knowledge Commons. > > > Elements of such a commons > > > are emerging everywhere. What we have in mind is > > > accelerating this > > > trend by adding a certain amount of intention and > > > strategy to the > > > process-and forming a community of interested people > > > to help advance > > > this goal. Interesting topics abound: How might > > > patent and copyright > > > law be adapted to allow individuals and > > > organizations the flexibility to > > > make their property available to such a commons, but > > > to protect them > > > from losing rights to their property in the > > > developed world? How might > > > the notion of a commons inform investments in > > > telecommunications and > > > Internet infrastructure in the developing world? > > > Are there critical > > > portions of infrastructure that-if commonly held, > > > with creative rules > > > for open and shared access-accelerate economic and > > > social development? > > > Might radio spectrum be allocated and regulated in a > > > manner to make it > > > more available to creative uses not yet identified, > > > and to companies not > > > yet born, rather than solely to existing carriers? > > > Might this > > > accelerate innovation and economic advances in the > > > developing world? > > > > > > If you are interested, please respond to me directly > > > at > > > jmoore+AEA-cyber.law.harvard.edu > > > +ADw-mailto:jmoore+AEA-cyber.law.harvard.edu+AD4-. > > > If > > > you have ideas along these lines that the community > > > at Open Economies > > > can benefit from, please respond to this post at the > > > discussion list > > > openeconomies+AEA-eon.cyber.law.harvard.edu > > > > > +ADw-mailto:openeconomies+AEA-cyber.law.harvard.edu+AD4- > > > (if you are not already > > > a member, subscribe at > > > > > +ADw-http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/mailman/listinfo/openeconomies+AD4- > > > ) > > > > > > > > > > > > Knowledge Commons Proposal > > > > > =3D=3D=3D message truncated =3D=3D=3D > > > > > ATTACHMENT part 2 application/octet-stream > > name=3DKnowledge Commons Proposal.doc > > > > > > > > __________________________________________________ > > Do You Yahoo!? > > Get personalized email addresses from Yahoo! Mail > > http://personal.mail.yahoo.com/ > > _______________________________________________ > > Openeconomies mailing list > > Openeconomies@eon.law.harvard.edu > > http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/mailman/listinfo/openeconomies > > > > >=20 > _______________________________________________ > Openeconomies mailing list > Openeconomies@eon.law.harvard.edu > http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/mailman/listinfo/openeconomies >=20 ------=_NextPart_000_0093_01C10B8E.53F34D00 Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN"> <HTML><HEAD> <META content=3D"text/html; charset=3Diso-8859-1" = http-equiv=3DContent-Type> <META content=3D"MSHTML 5.00.2919.6307" name=3DGENERATOR> <STYLE></STYLE> </HEAD> <BODY> <DIV align=3Djustify><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>In my opinion the=20 problem lies indeed in how to "simplify" the information in a way = that it=20 may be apprehended by the local communities and made part = of their=20 background knowledge. I don=B4t think the language itself is a major = problem -=20 especially when we consider that English is, after all, the = Esperanto that=20 worked out :o). As long as the information is sufficiently = "user-friendly",=20 I think almost everywhere it should be easy to have it translated into = the local=20 languages for ease of access to such=20 material.<BR>__________________________________________________<BR>Ana = Carolina=20 Horta Barretto<BR>e-mail: </FONT><A=20 href=3D"mailto:acbarretto@veirano.com.br";><FONT face=3DArial=20 size=3D2>acbarretto@veirano.com.br</FONT></A></DIV> <DIV> </DIV> <DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>VEIRANO & ADVOGADOS = ASSOCIADOS<BR>Rua Dona=20 Laura 320, 13o. andar, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil<BR>Phone: + 55 51=20 3330-7586 Fax: + 55 51 3388-1122<BR>website: = </FONT><A=20 href=3D"http://www.veirano.com.br";><FONT face=3DArial=20 size=3D2>www.veirano.com.br</FONT></A><BR><FONT face=3DArial=20 size=3D2>__________________________________________________ <BR>Rio de = Janeiro -=20 S=E3o Paulo - Brasilia - Fortaleza - Recife</FONT></DIV> <DIV> </DIV> <DIV> </DIV> <DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>----- Original Message ----- </FONT> <DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>From: "Diane Cabell" <</FONT><A=20 href=3D"mailto:dcabell@law.harvard.edu";><FONT face=3DArial=20 size=3D2>dcabell@law.harvard.edu</FONT></A><FONT face=3DArial=20 size=3D2>></FONT></DIV> <DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>To: <</FONT><A=20 href=3D"mailto:openeconomies@eon.law.harvard.edu";><FONT face=3DArial=20 size=3D2>openeconomies@eon.law.harvard.edu</FONT></A><FONT face=3DArial=20 size=3D2>></FONT></DIV> <DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Sent: Friday, July 13, 2001 9:57 = AM</FONT></DIV> <DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Subject: [Openeconomies] Making the = commons=20 usable</FONT></DIV></DIV> <DIV><BR></DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>> How do we translate = sophisticated=20 information into usable, understandable<BR>> language (either the = local=20 language or the lay language)? Is it sufficient<BR>> that it's = in=20 English? In French? Would translation services be = something<BR>>=20 that the local economy could develop?<BR>> <BR>> Diane = Cabell<BR>>=20 Berkman Center<BR>> <BR>> <BR>> > --- "Moore, James" = <</FONT><A=20 href=3D"mailto:jmoore@geopartners.com";><FONT face=3DArial=20 size=3D2>jmoore@geopartners.com</FONT></A><FONT face=3DArial = size=3D2>>=20 wrote:<BR>> > ><BR>> > > Let's create a Knowledge = Commons to=20 stimulate<BR>> > > knowledge-based economic<BR>> > >=20 development<BR>> > ><BR>> > > James F. Moore<BR>> = > >=20 Berkman Center for Internet and Society<BR>> > ><BR>> > = >=20 Common resources are vital<BR>> > > In traditional agrarian = societies,=20 there are common<BR>> > > resources shared and<BR>> > = > used=20 by members of the community. Some of these<BR>> > > = common=20 resources are<BR>> > > physical: water, grazing rights on a = common=20 field or<BR>> > > mountainside,<BR>> > > fishing = rights=20 offshore. Others involve knowledge:<BR>> > > = agricultural<BR>>=20 > > methods, medical lore, child-rearing practices,<BR>> > = >=20 language and literacy,<BR>> > > and psychological and spiritual = training.<BR>> > ><BR>> > > Similarly, in advanced=20 knowledge-based economies<BR>> > > such as the United<BR>> = > >=20 States, there are common resources shared and used<BR>> > > by = members=20 of the<BR>> > > community. In particular, there are=20 knowledge-based<BR>> > > resources that have<BR>> > > = been=20 enormously important for the development of<BR>> > > these=20 advanced<BR>> > > economies. Examples include the public=20 education<BR>> > > system, ranging from<BR>> > > = elementary=20 and secondary schools to graduate<BR>> > > fellowships, paid = for=20 by<BR>> > > government funds, to train scientists and=20 engineers.<BR>> > > I myself benefited<BR>> > > = from=20 extensive public subsidization of my education,<BR>> > > = including=20 a<BR>> > > post-doctoral fellowship paid for by one of the = US<BR>>=20 > > national scientific<BR>> > > institutes. This = is true=20 for many involved in the<BR>> > > high technology<BR>> > = >=20 economy. Other notable examples include the<BR>> > > = billions of=20 dollars<BR>> > > invested each year in pharmaceutical research = by=20 the<BR>> > > US government,<BR>> > > either directly = in=20 research centers such as the<BR>> > > National Institutes = of<BR>>=20 > > Health, or indirectly through government funding of<BR>> = > >=20 university-based<BR>> > > research. The Internet itself, = as is=20 well known,<BR>> > > grew out of the<BR>> > >=20 government-funded ARPANET. Indeed, the US<BR>> > > = government not=20 only developed<BR>> > > the Internet, it also funded the = operation of=20 the<BR>> > > Internet backbone<BR>> > > during the = crucial=20 first years before usage reached<BR>> > > critical mass = in<BR>> >=20 > numbers of users and service providers.<BR>> > ><BR>> = > >=20 Emerging elements of a Knowledge Commons<BR>> > ><BR>> >=20 ><BR>> > ><BR>> > > It may be possible to use=20 knowledge-based common<BR>> > > resources to accelerate<BR>> = >=20 > economic and social development in regions of the<BR>> > > = world=20 with less<BR>> > > advanced economies. A +IBw-Knowledge=20 Commons+IB0-<BR>> > > can become a shared resource<BR>> > = > to=20 those creating knowledge-based businesses and<BR>> > > = industries in=20 the<BR>> > > developing world.<BR>> > ><BR>> > = >=20 There are a number of interesting examples of<BR>> > > elements = of=20 knowledge that<BR>> > > are being made available in the = developing=20 world for<BR>> > > purposes of<BR>> > > advancing = social and=20 economic development. These<BR>> > > and other = similar<BR>>=20 > > resources illustrate what a Knowledge Commons would<BR>> = > >=20 be constituted from:<BR>> > ><BR>> > > Some leading=20 universities are making their course<BR>> > > materials=20 available<BR>> > > free online. Perhaps most notable is=20 the<BR>> > > Massachusetts Institute of<BR>> > > = Technology,=20 which recently committed to make<BR>> > > +IBw-open source+IB0- = its=20 course<BR>> > > content, distributing it free over the=20 worldwide<BR>> > > web. MIT Open Course<BR>> > > = Ware<BR>>=20 > ><BR>> >=20 +ADw-http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/nr/2001/ocw.html+AD4-.<BR>> >=20 ><BR>> > ><BR>> > > The major medical journals have = just=20 announced that<BR>> > > they will make<BR>> > > = themselves=20 available at a dramatic discount in<BR>> > > developing=20 countries.<BR>> > > Medical Journals for Developing = Countries<BR>>=20 > ><BR>> >=20 +ADw-http://www.nytimes.com/2001/07/09/health/09MEDI.html+AD4-<BR>> = > >=20 (Reading this<BR>> > > article requires registering, available = free=20 of<BR>> > > charge, to the New York<BR>> > > Times = online=20 version.)<BR>> > ><BR>> > > The Digital Opportunity = Task Force=20 report to the<BR>> > > Genoa Summit of the G8<BR>> > > = group=20 of Nations, to be held in two weeks,<BR>> > > recommends that = Open=20 Source<BR>> > > software be adapted and distributed widely as = a<BR>>=20 > > means of promoting<BR>> > > economic development and=20 e-government.<BR>> > ><BR>> > </FONT><A=20 href=3D"http://dotforce.org/reports/dot+AF8-force+AF8-report+AF8-v+AF8-5.= 0h.html"><FONT=20 face=3DArial=20 size=3D2>http://dotforce.org/reports/dot+AF8-force+AF8-report+AF8-v+AF8-5= .0h.html</FONT></A><BR><FONT=20 face=3DArial size=3D2>> > ><BR>> > ><BR>> >=20 +ADw-http://www.markle.org/DigitalOpportunitiesforAll.pdf+AD4-<BR>> = >=20 ><BR>> > ><BR>> > > The debate over how to make = drugs=20 available to fight<BR>> > > AIDS has brought<BR>> > >=20 attention to the need to allow some regions of the<BR>> > > = world=20 freedom from<BR>> > > paying for the knowledge-based part of = the price=20 of<BR>> > > drugs. It is my view<BR>> > > that the = answer to=20 AIDS and other infectious<BR>> > > diseases will create a = de<BR>>=20 > > facto knowledge commons that includes pharmaceutical<BR>> = > >=20 intellectual<BR>> > > property. This is already occurring = through=20 a<BR>> > > combination of discounting<BR>> > > by=20 pharmaceutical companies, the threat of<BR>> > > compulsory = licensing=20 of drug<BR>> > > patents, and through importing drugs from=20 nations<BR>> > > such as Brazil and<BR>> > > India = that=20 recognize process-patents but not<BR>> > > use-patents.<BR>> = >=20 ><BR>> > > Proposal and request for your help to create = a<BR>>=20 > > Knowledge Commons<BR>> > ><BR>> > ><BR>> = >=20 ><BR>> > > We at Open Economies are interested in joining=20 with<BR>> > > others who would<BR>> > > like to pursue = creating a Knowledge Commons.<BR>> > > Elements of such a=20 commons<BR>> > > are emerging everywhere. What we have in = mind=20 is<BR>> > > accelerating this<BR>> > > trend by adding = a=20 certain amount of intention and<BR>> > > strategy to = the<BR>> >=20 > process-and forming a community of interested people<BR>> > = > to=20 help advance<BR>> > > this goal. Interesting topics = abound: =20 How might<BR>> > > patent and copyright<BR>> > > law = be=20 adapted to allow individuals and<BR>> > > organizations the = flexibility=20 to<BR>> > > make their property available to such a commons,=20 but<BR>> > > to protect them<BR>> > > from losing = rights to=20 their property in the<BR>> > > developed world? How = might<BR>>=20 > > the notion of a commons inform investments in<BR>> > = >=20 telecommunications and<BR>> > > Internet infrastructure in the=20 developing world?<BR>> > > Are there critical<BR>> > > = portions of infrastructure that-if commonly held,<BR>> > > with = creative rules<BR>> > > for open and shared access-accelerate = economic=20 and<BR>> > > social development?<BR>> > > Might radio = spectrum=20 be allocated and regulated in a<BR>> > > manner to make = it<BR>> >=20 > more available to creative uses not yet identified,<BR>> > = > and=20 to companies not<BR>> > > yet born, rather than solely to = existing=20 carriers?<BR>> > > Might this<BR>> > > accelerate = innovation=20 and economic advances in the<BR>> > > developing world?<BR>> = >=20 ><BR>> > > If you are interested, please respond to me=20 directly<BR>> > > at<BR>> > >=20 jmoore+AEA-cyber.law.harvard.edu<BR>> > >=20 +ADw-mailto:jmoore+AEA-cyber.law.harvard.edu+AD4-.<BR>> > > = If<BR>>=20 > > you have ideas along these lines that the community<BR>> = > >=20 at Open Economies<BR>> > > can benefit from, please respond to = this=20 post at the<BR>> > > discussion list<BR>> > >=20 openeconomies+AEA-eon.cyber.law.harvard.edu<BR>> > ><BR>> = >=20 +ADw-mailto:openeconomies+AEA-cyber.law.harvard.edu+AD4-<BR>> > > = (if you=20 are not already<BR>> > > a member, subscribe at<BR>> >=20 ><BR>> >=20 +ADw-http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/mailman/listinfo/openeconomies+AD4-<BR>&g= t; >=20 > )<BR>> > ><BR>> > ><BR>> > ><BR>> = > >=20 Knowledge Commons Proposal<BR>> > ><BR>> > =3D=3D=3D = message truncated=20 =3D=3D=3D<BR>> ><BR>> > > ATTACHMENT part 2=20 application/octet-stream<BR>> > name=3DKnowledge Commons=20 Proposal.doc<BR>> ><BR>> ><BR>> ><BR>> >=20 __________________________________________________<BR>> > Do You=20 Yahoo!?<BR>> > Get personalized email addresses from Yahoo! = Mail<BR>>=20 > </FONT><A href=3D"http://personal.mail.yahoo.com/";><FONT = face=3DArial=20 size=3D2>http://personal.mail.yahoo.com/</FONT></A><BR><FONT = face=3DArial=20 size=3D2>> > = _______________________________________________<BR>> >=20 Openeconomies mailing list<BR>> > </FONT><A=20 href=3D"mailto:Openeconomies@eon.law.harvard.edu";><FONT face=3DArial=20 size=3D2>Openeconomies@eon.law.harvard.edu</FONT></A><BR><FONT = face=3DArial=20 size=3D2>> > </FONT><A=20 href=3D"http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/mailman/listinfo/openeconomies";><FONT = face=3DArial=20 size=3D2>http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/mailman/listinfo/openeconomies</FONT>= </A><BR><FONT=20 face=3DArial size=3D2>> ><BR>> ><BR>> <BR>>=20 _______________________________________________<BR>> Openeconomies = mailing=20 list<BR>> </FONT><A = href=3D"mailto:Openeconomies@eon.law.harvard.edu";><FONT=20 face=3DArial = size=3D2>Openeconomies@eon.law.harvard.edu</FONT></A><BR><FONT=20 face=3DArial size=3D2>> </FONT><A=20 href=3D"http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/mailman/listinfo/openeconomies";><FONT = face=3DArial=20 size=3D2>http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/mailman/listinfo/openeconomies</FONT>= </A><BR><FONT=20 face=3DArial size=3D2>> </FONT></BODY></HTML> ------=_NextPart_000_0093_01C10B8E.53F34D00--
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