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Workshop: Understanding the new wave of social cooperation: Triangulation of Arab revolutions, European mobilizations and American occupy movement. From 9 am to 6 pm
[[Image:IMG 2339.JPG|650px|thumb|Participants workshop March 21, 2011]]
March 21st, 2012 - #21M Cambridge (Boston)
[[Image:Puertadelsol2011.jpg‎|300px|thumb|The Puerta del Sol square in Madrid May 2011]]
[[Image:Tahrir Square on February11.png|300px|thumb|Celebrations in Tahrir Square, Cairo, 2011]]
[[Image:2011 Greece Uprising.jpg|300px|thumb|Demonstrators in front of the Greek parliament, 29 May.]]
[[Image:Tunisia Unrest - VOA - Tunis 14 Jan 2011 (2).jpg|300px|thumb|Protesters in downtown Tunis on 14 January 2011]]
[[Image:W15 Protesters 1807.JPG|300px|thumb|300px|Iceland concentration 20 January 2009]]
[[Image:Wallst14occupy.jpg|300px|thumb|300px|Protesters near the New York City Police Department, 2011]]
[[Image:Protesters_gathering_in_Pearl_roundabout.jpg‎ |300px|thumb|Protesters gathering in Pearl roundabout for the first time since the begging of the 2011 Bahraini uprising]]
[[Image:Yemen protest.jpg|300px|thumb|Protest in Sanaa, Yemen (February 3, 2011)]]
[[Image:Demonstration_in_Al_Bayda_(Libya,_2011-07-22).jpg|300px|thumb|Demonstration in Al Bayda Libya, 2011]]
[[Image:Syntagma Square 'indignados'.png|300px|thumb|Demonstrators in the plaza in front of the Greek parliament, 25 May]]
[[Image:Anonymous-Bruxelles.jpg|300px|thumb|Anonymous protestors at the Brussels Stock Exchange, Belgium, January 2012]]
[[Image:Acampada Sol ph18.jpg|300px|thumb|right|Sol, 18 May, early morning]]
[[Image:Occupy_London_Tent.jpg|300px|thumb|Occupy London Tent, 25 May 2011]]
[[Image:Wall-Street-1.jpg|300px|thumb|Poster OWS 17 September 2011]]


= '''Introduction''' =
'''Workshop: Understanding the New Wave of Social Cooperation: A Triangulation of the Arab Revolutions, European Mobilizations and the American Occupy Movement'''<br>
9:00am-5:15pm <br>
March 21st, 2012 <br>
Harvard University- Cambridge, MA (Boston) <br>
Social media hashtag: '''#21M''' '''#occupyresearch''' IRC: #Berkman <br>


This one-day workshop brings together several groups of researchers: members of the Council for European Studies (CES) European Social Movements research network who will be in Boston for the Council for European Studies conference (March 22 - 24); scholars researching the Arab Spring, recent mobilizations in European countries (such as 15 of May mobilizations in the Spanish State), and the Occupy movement in United States at the Berkman Center, as well as researchers of other Boston – based institutions including Harvard Kennedy School, MIT's Comparative Media Center; Northwest University and Boston College's Social Movements seminar.
= '''Introduction''' =


The workshop will be hosted in the Berkman Center, Harvard, and organized in cooperation with the Council for European Studies (CES) European Social Movements research network and other Boston-based groups working in the area.
This one-day workshop brought together several groups of researchers: members of the Council for European Studies (CES) European Social Movements research network who were in Boston for the Council for European Studies conference (March 22 - 24); scholars at the Berkman Center; and researchers from institutions including the Harvard Kennedy School, MIT's Comparative Media Center, Northwest University and Boston College's'Movements/media Research and Action Project (MRAP).


== Goals and Key Objectives ==
The workshop was hosted in the Berkman Center at Harvard University and is organized in cooperation with the Council for European Studies (CES) European Social Movements research network and the collaboration of MIT Comparative media and Occupy Research. [[Organization credits]]


We would like a historically grounded comparative approach that attempts a certain amount of historical contextualization and analytical and theoretical grounding of these protests and forms of social cooperation and the relations between them.
'''Goals and Key Objectives'''


The workshop aims to analyses the specificity of each country/region case, at the time of approaching the commonalities between them based on a "triangulation" of the current research and understanding on Arab revolutions, European mobilizations and American occupy movement.
At this event, we undertook a historically grounded comparative approach that attempted to place these protests and their corresponding forms of social cooperation in context and sought to establish an analytical and theoretical grounding for the study of these events. We did not only investigate each individual case, but also assessed the relationships (or lack thereof) between each of the respective cases.  


What are the relations between these forms of social cooperation? How similar/different are they from each other? What do they tell us concerning collective action? How important are national or global factors in shaping them? How important and which has been the role of new technologies for each case? In what way are they new and in what way are we witnessing a reconfiguration of elements we are very familiar with? What theoretical and analytical frameworks are people finding useful/not so useful as they think about these movements? Etc
More specifically, the workshop analyzed the particular details associated with each national/regional case and identified and discussed any commonalities between them based on a 'triangulation' of current research and understanding on the Arab revolutions, European mobilizations and the American Occupy movement. To facilitate an interactive discussion on these topics during the event, the specific angle of each of the three planned sessions was defined around clusters of participants' interest:


The specific angle of each of each of the three planned session will be defined around clusters of participants' interests.
* '''EMERGING ORGANIZATIONAL FORMS AND DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES'''
Which organizational forms were adopted by the movements in each case? What is the role of social media in shaping these emerging forms? Are there similarities among the cases? What do these cases tell us about the conditions and organizational principles of collective action?


Objectives:
* '''WHO MOBILIZED AND WITH WHICH GOALS AND STRATEGIES?'''
What is the movement composition (i.e, who were the actors and what social bases were involved)? In terms of the actors what is the continuity with previous mobilization waves, such as the global justice movement? What were/are the visions and strategies of change in each of the cases? Is there a common political view or strategy among all the cases? What are the significant divisions between actors within each individual case? Are there similar divisions across different cases, and to what extent are the local and national dynamics important in shaping movement configuration?


* Analyses the specificity of each country/region case, at the time of approaching the commonalities and differences between them based on a "triangulation" of the current research and understanding on Arab revolutions, European mobilizations and    American occupy movement.   
* '''EXPLANATORY FACTORS AND CONNECTIONS AMONG THE CASES'''
Why did social mobilization happen in so many countries at once? Are there similar explanatory factors and historical trajectories that explain why mobilization took place? Is it legitimate to talk about a global wave of mobilization? If so, how are these different cases connected and how might we confirm and document the connections between movements? What are the mechanisms of diffusion and translation among the cases?


* Contribute to contextualize (historically and from a socio-political perspective) the impact of digital in collective action by connecting social movements studies tradition with Internet-based phenomenons analysis. Connect European, Nord – American and Arabic traditions of thinking and researching.
'''Objectives:'''


* Contribute to map and systematize expertise on the current wave of social cooperation/mobilization.
To achieve the overarching goal of "triangulating" of the current research and understanding on the Arab revolutions, European mobilizations and the American Occupy movement, our specific goals were:
* Contextualize (both historically and from a socio-political perspective) the impact of digital tools in collective action by connecting the social movements studies tradition with the analysis of Internet-based phenomena, which required drawing connections among European, North American, and Arabic approaches to research and analysis.
* Map and systematically organize existing research and expertise on the current wave of social cooperation and mobilization.
* Exchange, share, and discuss current work and facilitate synergy among researchers on the topic.


* Exchange, share and discuss current work and facilitate further synergy among researchers on the topic (most of them also practitioners).
'''Format and methodology'''


== Format ==
The workshop was intended as an exchange between researchers at the event rather than as an opportunity to disseminate information to other researchers or to the general public. To facilitate interaction among researchers, this workshop avoided conference-style presentations and instead was designed to foster dialogue among individuals working in this space. The format was mainly discussion-based around a series of questions, with the opportunity to share papers in advance of the event itself at this wiki. A maximum of 30 participants were expected at this highly-interactive event.


The workshop is intended as an exchange between researchers (many of whom are also participants) rather than a dissemination event for other researchers or the general public. Rather than conference presentations this event will create an intimate exchange between people already working in the field. It will be mainly discussion-based around a series of questions, with the possibility to circulate papers in advance (including those already presented elsewhere or under preparation).
For each session, a moderator introduced the theme followed by very short (5 minute) warm up presentations. Then all participants were invited to discuss any and all issues pertaining to the theme. Each session finalized by someone providing a synthesis of the discussion. For each session, we assigned a note taker and like tweeting.


Discussion is organized in three sessions around clusters of participants' interest.
All workshop discussion were audio recorded for note taking purposes. Live streaming connexion were provided upon request.


A moderator will introduce the theme for each session, there will be around two very short (5 minutes) warm up presentations, and then all participants will be invited to discuss any and all issues pertaining to the theme. Per each session there will be a person creating a drafting/scheming/mental map of the issues emerging.
[[Schedule]]


A maximum of 30 participants are expected.
[[List of participants]]


Workshop discussion will be audio-recording and make availeble afterword on the web.
'''Contact''' Mayo Fuster Morell at mayofm(at)cyber.law.harvard.edu or Amar Ashar at ashar(at)cyber.law.harvard.edu


== Logistical Information ==
= Workshop documentation =


* Location: The workshop is taking place in two places
'''Notes sessions:'''


'''From 9 to 1''' - Room 105 in Hauser Hall, Harvard Law School 
* 9:30 am – 10:30 am EMERGING ORGANIZATIONAL FORMS AND DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES and 10:45 am-11:45 am CONTINUATION EMERGING ORGANIZATIONAL FORMS AND DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES: METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES [https://docs.google.com/document/d/19VvvBKVGgsVTz1A2PsdobxDzo8mafs8L92e-VFOhOFw/edit Notes session]


'''After lunch break - From 1  to 8 pm''' Berkman center 23 Everett Street - second flour 
* 1:00 pm-2:30 pm WHO MOBILIZED AND WITH WHICH GOALS AND STRATEGIES? [https://docs.google.com/document/d/19VvvBKVGgsVTz1A2PsdobxDzo8mafs8L92e-VFOhOFw/edit Notes session]


Link to [http://maps.google.com/maps?saddr=Harvard+T+station,+Cambridge,+MA&daddr=Hauser+Hall,+Mid-Cambridge,+Middlesex,+Massachusetts+02138+to:42.3798459,-71.1171365+to:23+Everett+Street,+Cambridge,+MA&hl=en&ll=42.37825,-71.115382&spn=0.009146,0.021136&sll=42.378702,-71.116036&sspn=0.004573,0.010568&geocode=FfKQhgIdlM_C-ykbvZ_CQnfjiTHVYjaWkHpcWg%3BFWelhgIdDNPC-ynXZfcHQXfjiTGG72PxkDirvw%3BFUWqhgIdsNbC-ymZl5jxQHfjiTFgC2KkRvIOYw%3BFeiqhgIdfdPC-ymb4nv2QHfjiTFznQuwPk8xXw&oq=23+Eve&dirflg=w&mra=dpe&mrsp=2&sz=17&via=2&t=m&z=16 map of directions] from Harvard T station (underground station)
* 2:45 pm-4:15 pm EXPLANATORY FACTORS AND CONNECTIONS AMONG THE CASES [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1_Vv1G0EgTf0XF-r00c1aeTA3bLmLxRJnMAF21nQmZxE/edit Notes session]


Getting there:
* 4:15 - 5:00 pm Final reflections and next steps: Theoretical Take-Aways and Ways to Rethink Research [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1-vGIN5aJw2mXh1JKoSH7MY5dC_AUj3tQ0hAr9J751Rg/edit Notes takes final session]
* Driving Directions: http://www.law.harvard.edu/about/contact/directions.php#Driving
* Subway Directions: http://www.law.harvard.edu/about/contact/directions.php#Subway
* Bus Directions: http://www.law.harvard.edu/about/contact/directions.php#Bus
* Parking is not available through Harvard Law School, but there are several parking garages in Harvard Square


* Wireless Internet access will be available at the workshop
'''Slides:'''
* Participation Tools: Twitter / Identica hashtag: #21M
* Other questions? Contact Amar Ashar at ashar(at)cyber.law.harvard.edu


= Schedule =
* Slides presentation Mayo Fuster Morell: [http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/21M12socialcooperation/sites/21M12socialcooperation/images/WorkshopMarch212012_MayoFM_Slides.pdf Emerging organizational forms and digital technologies: Spanish State case: “Indignated”/15M mobilization]


'''20 March''' (Optional) Informal dinner among the participants in town (particularly those coming from abroad @ 8 pm in http://acetarium.com/ (265 Elm Street, Somerville T Station: Davis Square)
'''Audio recording''' of the workshop could be provided upon request.


== Map of case/participant ==


'''21 March'''
'''USA Occupy movement''' (general): Beth Coleman, Maite Tapia, E. Colin Ruggero, Marcos Ancelovici, William A. (Bill) Gamson, Ofer Sharone, Pablo Rey, Dalida María Benfield, Nicole Doerr, Tim McCarthy, Martha Fuentes-Bautista
* '''Boston''': Sasha Costanza-Chock, Pablo Rey, Nicole Doerr, Jeffrey Juris, Jason Pramas, Sandra Ray, Robert J. Wengronowitz, Gabriel Schaffzin
* '''Pittburg''': Alice Mattoni
* '''Philadelphia''': E. Colin Ruggero


'''9 - 10h''' Welcoming coffee. Introduction to the agenda, a map of expertise and brief round of presentations.
'''Canada: Montreal''': Marcos Ancelovici


''Room 105 in Hauser Hall''
'''Arab Spring''' (general): Rob Faris, Bruce Etling, Alicia Solow-Niederman, William A. (Bill) Gamson
* '''Tunisia''': Zack Brisson
* '''Egypt''': Lina Attalah, Zeynep Tufekci, Nagla Rizk, Alicia Solow-Niederman, Zack Brisson, Dalida María Benfield


'''10 – 12h''' First discussion: '''EMERGING ORGANIZATIONAL FORMS AND DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES'''. Which organizational forms were adopted by the movements in each case? What is the role of social media in shaping these emerging forms? Are there similarities among the cases? What do these cases tell us about the conditions and organizational principles of collective action?
'''South African Movements''': Nicole Doerr


''Room 105 in Hauser Hall''
'''Israeli Summer''': William A. (Bill) Gamson


'''12h''' Lunch ''Room 105 in Hauser Hall ''
'''European dimension''': Cristina María Flesher Fominaya, Francesca Vassallo, Nicole Doerr, Alexander Trechsel
* '''Spain''': Mayo Fuster Morell, Pablo Rey, Cristina María Flesher Fominaya, Marcos Ancelovici
* '''Germany''': Nicole Doerr, Maite Tapia
* '''Greece''':  Maria Kousis, Sandra Ray
* '''Italy''': Alice Mattoni
* '''UK''': Maite Tapia
*''' Ireland''': Laurence Cox France : Marcos Ancelovici, Francesca Vassallo
*''' Poland''': Elzbieta Cizewska
* '''France''': Marcos Ancelovici
*''' Russia''': Rob Faris, Bruce Etling


'''1 - 3h'''  Second discussion:''' EXPLANATORY FACTORS AND CONNECTIONS BETWEEN THE CASES'''. Why did social mobilization happen in so many countries at once? Are there
'''Latino-america:'''
similar explanatory factors and historical trajectories that explain why mobilization took place? Is it legitimate to talk about a global wave of mobilization? If so, how are these different cases connected and how might we confirm and document the connections between movements? What are the mechanisms of diffusion and translation among the cases?
* Venezuela: Martha Fuentes-Bautista


''Conference room, 23 Everett Street - 2nd Floor, Berkman center''
[[Distribution of participants per topics]]


'''3 - 3:30h''' Coffee break
= Bibliographic resources =


'''3:30 - 5:30''' Third Discussion: '''WHO MOBILIZED AND WITH WHICH GOALS AND STRATEGIES'''. What is the movement composition (i.e, who were the actors and what social bases were involved)? What were/are the visions and strategies of change in each of the cases? Is there a common political view or strategy among all the cases? What are the significant divisions between actors within each individual case? Are there similar divisions across different cases, and to what extent are the local and national dynamics important in shaping movement configuration?
Please add any relevant resource.


''Conference room, 23 Everett Street - 2nd Floor, Berkman center''
== Arab Spring ==


'''5:30 - 6:00'''  Sum up conclusions
"Faculty Insights", AUC Today, Spring 2011 http://www1.aucegypt.edu/publications/auctoday/AUCTodaySpring11/01_Faculty_Insights.htm


''Conference room, 23 Everett Street - 2nd Floor, Berkman center''
Al-Malky, Rania    2007    Blogging for Reform: the Case of Egyp Arab Media and Society (February 2007)  http://www.arabmediasociety.com/articles/downloads/20070312143716_AMS1_Rania_Al_Malky.pdf


'''7pm 21M''' [[Food for Thought Dinners]]
Alimi, Eitan Y. and David S. Meyer (2012) Seasons of Change: Arab Spring and Political Opportunities. Swiss Political Science Review. Special issue: http://dmmsclick.wiley.com/view.asp?m=0jcva5g0090vlet42smd&u=19087420&f=h


Anderson, Jon  2003    New Media, New Publics: Reconfiguring the Public Sphere of Islam Social Research 70 (3):888-906  http://www.policyinnovations.org/ideas/policy_library/data/01338


Anderson, Lisa    2011  Demystifying the Arab Spring: Parsing the Differences Between Tunisia, Egypt, and Libya Foreign Affairs http://www.ssrresourcecentre.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/Anderson-Demystifying-the-Arab-Spring.pdf


'''Post – workshop: Optional activities'''
Aouragh, Miriyam and Anne Alexander. 2011. “The Egyptian experience.” International Journal of Communication (5): 1344-1358.


'''22 March and 23 March''' (Optional)
Axelford, Barrie    2011  Talk about a Revolution: Social Media and the MENA Uprisings  Globalizations (published by Global Studies Association of North America), Volume 8, Issue 5, 2011 (available via Taylor & Francis Online)    http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/14747731.2011.621281#preview


[[Seminars and workshop Council of European Studies Conference]]
Babak Rahimi  2011 The Agonistic Social Media: Cyberspace in the Formation of Dissent and Consolidation of State Power in Postelection Iran      The Communication Review      http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10714421.2011.597240 


'''23 March and 24 March''' (Optional)
Brisson, Zack, & Krontiris, Kate (March, 2012). 'Tunisia: From Revolutions to Institutions' <http://dl.dropbox.com/u/53226669/Tunisia%201-2012-Publication-Web-%C6%92.pdf> World Bank Group


OccupyData Hackathon 2: Data Visualization for the 99%!
Brisson, Zack, & Lee, Panthea (March, 2011). 'Egypt: From Revolutions to Institutions'<http://thereboot.org/wp-content/Egypt/Reboot-Egypt-From-Revolutions-To-Institutions.pdf>


What: OccupyData Hackathon 1 brought you visualizations of 13 million occupy tweets (see summaries by OccupyResearch, R-Shief, Fast Company, and Utrecht University). People participated from Utrech, LA, Boston, NY, and Spain.OccupyData Hackathon 2 builds on the demos and tools from the first round, and turns our collaborative energy on visualizing the 5000+ responses to the OccupyResearch General Demographics and Participation Survey (ORGS), R-Shief Twitter #occupy tags aggregated since September 2011, and Occupy Oakland Serves the People survey, as well as other datasets people might want to explore. This event is not only for hackers or coders, but for anyone who’s interested. Bring your ideas, skills, creativity, questions and critical perspectives as we explore occupy datasets using free and open source tools and software. We’ll make connections from one place to another – open to all participants! The model is for people to arrange local venues for f2f meetups, work locally, and share/collaborate real time via skype/chat/twitter/google docs and etherpads, etc. If you can’t make it to one of the physical locations, you can still join in remotely.
Chebib, Nadine Kassem  and Rabia Minatullah Sohail      2011  The Reasons Social Media Contributed To The 2011 Egyptian Revolution  International Journal of Business Research and Management (IJBRM), Volume (2) : Issue (3) : 2011       http://www.cscjournals.org/csc/manuscript/Journals/IJBRM/volume2/Issue3/IJBRM-52.pdf


How: [https://docs.google.com/spreadsheet/ccc?key=0AuGzPY2QcXhkdDhyX1BucnVKcUhTd3NOVktoT2lxQ2c#gid=0 Sign up] here
Compilation of authors; Edited by Marc Lynch, Susan B. Glasser, and Blake Hounshell    2011  [e-book] Revolution in the Arab World: Tunisia, Egypt and the Unmaking of an Era      Foreign Policy  http://www.foreignpolicy.com/ebooks/revolution_in_the_arab_world


Where in Cambridge: MIT Media Lab E15-432, 20 Ames Street Cambridge, MA 02139 USA (http://www.media.mit.edu/about/building)
Cottle, Simon  2011  Media and the Arab uprisings of 2011: Research notes  Journalism, July 2011; 12 (5)  http://www.contexting.me/files/CottleMediaandtheArabUprising.pdf
Contacts for clarification on location and others: Sasha Costanza-Chock (schock(at)MIT.EDU) & Pablo Rey (Pablo(at)basurama.org) or irc.lc.freenode/occupydata


= Participants survey =  
Diani, Mario (2012)  Networks and Internet into Perspective. Swiss Political Science Review. Special issue: http://dmmsclick.wiley.com/view.asp?m=0jcva5g0090vlet42smd&u=19087420&f=h


Please add your responses to these questions at the list of participants, in the section with your own name.  
Dupont, Cédric, Florence Passy  2011  Debate: The Arab Spring or How to Explain those Revolutionary Episodes? Swiss Political Science Review, Volume 17, Issue 4, pages 447–451, December 2011      http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1662-6370.2011.02037.x/abstract


'''Participant Survey for March 21st Workshop:'''
Eickelman, Dale    2005  New Media in the Arab Middle East and the Emergence of Open Societies in Remaking Muslim Politics ed. Robert Hefner    2005, Princeton University Press      http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=MmmVMCBej8oC&oi=fnd&pg=PA37&dq=%22new+media+in+the+arab+middle+east%22&ots=VVVYG9YiIe&sig=Z8J5mbCrhB5slmusWY4GlY20q20#v=onepage&q=%22new%20media%20in%20the%20arab%20middle%20east%22&f=false


1) Name and surname:
Ellis, Christopher J., John Fender    2010  Information Cascades and Revolutionary Regime Transitions    The Economic Journal  http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-0297.2010.02401.x/abstract   


2) Affiliation(s):
Eltantawy, Nahed, Julie B. Wiest 2011  Social Media in the Egyptian Revolution: Reconsidering Resource Mobilization Theory    International Journal of Communication  http://ijoc.org/ojs/index.php/ijoc/article/view/1242


3) Small bio (or a link to a bio) & web site:
eMarketing Egypt      2011  Facebook in Egypt:e-marketing insights August 2011    Gartner Research      N/A
Farrell, Henry  N/A    The Internet's Consequences for Politics      Not yet published; posted online at Crooked Timber Blog crookedtimber.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/ARPS.pdf


4) Email:
Gamson, William A. (2012) Arab Spring, Israeli Summer, and the Process of Cognitive Liberation. Swiss Political Science Review. Special issue: http://dmmsclick.wiley.com/view.asp?m=0jcva5g0090vlet42smd&u=19087420&f=h


5) Keywords/themes of work/your involvement in and interest with this topic:
Ghannam, Jeffrey  2011  Social Media in the Arab World: Leading up to the Uprisings of 2011    Center for International Media Assistance    http://cima.ned.org/publications/social-media-arab-world-leading-uprisings-2011-0


6) Focus of interest (i.e. Egypt case, housing movement in Spanish
Goldstone, Jack A. (2012) Cross-class Coalitions and the Making of the Arab Revolts of 2011. Swiss Political Science Review. Special issue: http://dmmsclick.wiley.com/view.asp?m=0jcva5g0090vlet42smd&u=19087420&f=h
case, etc.):


7) References and/or links to related works in the area (If there is an
Goodwin, Jeff. (2012) Why We Were Surprised (Again) by the Arab Spring. Swiss Political Science Review. Special issue: http://dmmsclick.wiley.com/view.asp?m=0jcva5g0090vlet42smd&u=19087420&f=h
article or resource you would like to share as a password protected
document, please send it to mayo.fuster(at)eui.eu and we will make it
available in this format):


8) Please find the three lines of discussion that we will address in
Howard, P.    2010  [Book] The Digital Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy: Information Technology and Political Islam  Oxford University Press, 2010  http://faculty.washington.edu/pnhoward/publishing/internetislam/internetislam.html
each of the three sessions during the workshop detailed below.


In which of the three lines of discussion are you most interested?
Howard, Philip N. Aiden Duffy, Deen Freelon, Muzammil Hussain, Will Mari, and Marwa Mazaid    2011  Opening Closed Regimes: What Was the Role of Social Media During the Arab Spring?     Project on Information Technology & Political Islam (pITPI)    http://pitpi.org/index.php/2011/09/11/opening-closed-regimes-what-was-the-role-of-social-media-during-the-arab-spring/
Would you please provide us with any insights regarding and/or
additions to these discussion questions that we may wish to incorporate
into the workshop agenda? Are there other questions that motivate you
and that you would like us to address?


Additionally, if you have the time, please feel free to write longer
International Journal of Communication (Vol. 5), http://ijoc.org/ojs/index.php/ijoc
responses to these questions, add references or other inputs to our
compilation of relevant resources, or expand the set of questions to
include your own criteria. We will use any written responses that you
may wish to provide to develop an introductory document for workshop
participants that will prepare everyone for and facilitate our
discussion during the event itself.


A) EMERGING ORGANIZATIONAL FORMS AND DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES.  Which
Iqbal, Zubair    2011  Are Democratic Revolts Contagious? Implications for the Arab World    Middle East Institute  http://www.mei.edu/content/are-democratic-revolts-contagious-implications-arab-world
organizational forms were adopted by the movements in each case? What
is the role of social media in shaping these emerging forms? Are there
similarities among the cases? What do these cases tell us about the
conditions and organizational principles of collective action?


B) EXPLANATORY FACTORS AND CONNECTIONS BETWEEN THE CASES. Why did
Kabir, Nahid Afrose      2011  Egypt's Arab Spring: will the flowers blossom?   University of South Australia International Centre for Muslim and non-Muslim Understanding    http://www.unisa.edu.au/muslim-understanding/documents/kabir-egypts-arab-spring.pdf
social mobilization happen in so many countries at once? Are there
similar explanatory factors and historical trajectories that explain
why mobilization took place? Is it legitimate to talk about a global
wave of mobilization? If so, how are these different cases connected
and how might we confirm and document the connections between
movements? What are the mechanisms of diffusion and translation among
the cases?


C) WHO MOBILIZED AND WITH WHICH GOALS AND STRATEGIES. What is the
Khamis, Dr. Sahar  and Katherine Vaughn  2011  Cyberactivism in the Egyptian Revolution: How Civic Engagement and Citizen Journalism Tilted the Balance      Published in Issue 13 of Arab Media and Society (Formerly TBS Journal), Summer 2011    http://www.arabmediasociety.com/?article=769
movement composition (i.e, who were the actors and what social bases
were involved)? What were/are the visions and strategies of change in
each of the cases? Is there a common political view or strategy among
all the cases? What are the significant divisions between actors within
each individual case? Are there similar divisions across different
cases, and to what extent are the local and national dynamics important
in shaping movement configuration?


9) Do you have any other suggestions, special requirements, or comments
Khondker, Habibul Haque    2011  Role of the New Media in the Arab Spring      Globalizations (published by Global Studies Association of North America), Volume 8, Issue 5, 2011 (available via Taylor & Francis Online)    http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/14747731.2011.621287
for the organization team?


= Participants =
Laipson, Ellen (project director); Courtney C. Radsch (author)  2011  Blogosphere and Social Media (pp. 67-81)      Seismic Shift: Understanding Change in the Middle East  http://www.stimson.org/images/uploads/research-pdfs/Blogosphere_and_Social_Media.pdf


Participants target: A gender balanced and topic/place diverse gathering of currently researchers (not only interested) in the Arab Spring, European wave or Occupy movements that combine action and research perspectives.
Lotan, Gilad et al. 2011. “The revolutions were tweeted.” International Journal of Communications 5: 1375-1405.  


Workshop "ecosystem": The workshop puts together very diverse profile and trajectories. Combination of European, Arabic and United States profiles; English- native and non-English native; social movements scholars and - not social movements (meaning not familiar with social movement studies); digital and non-digitals. This great diversity requires to take distance from each position and be still even more open minding and not - giving things for granted details on the cases or on each (language and) perspective .
Lotan, Gilad,  Erhardt Graeff, Mike Ananny, Devin Gaffney, Ian Pearce, danah boyd 2011  The Revolutions Were Tweeted: Information Flows During the 2011 Tunisian and Egyptian Revolutions    International Journal of Communication  http://ijoc.org/ojs/index.php/ijoc/article/view/1246


Room maximum: 30 people (already full).  
Lynch, Marc      2011  After Egypt: The Limits and Promise of Online Challenges to the Authoritarian Arab State        Perspectives on Politics (2011), 9 : pp 301-310    http://www.marclynch.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/download-Lynch-article.pdf


== BERKMANERS ==
Lynch, Marc    2007  Blogging the New Arab Public  Arab Media and Society (February 2007)  http://www.arabmediasociety.com/articles/downloads/20070312155027_AMS1_Marc_Lynch.pdf


=== Mayo Fuster Morell ===
Lysenkoa, Volodymyr V. Kevin C. Desouzab      2012  Moldova's internet revolution: Analyzing the role of technologies in various phases of the confrontation      Technological Forecasting and Social Change, via Science Direct http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040162511001223   


* '''Affiliation:''' Berkman center fellow, Harvard University and involved on the Digital Commons Forum (http://www.digital-commons.net).
Malcolm Gladwell’s blog post on The New Yorker website, “Does Egypt Need Twitter?” www.newyorker.com (accessed November 11, 2011).  
* '''Bio & web:''' http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/people/mfustermorell http://www.onlinecreation.info
* '''Email:''' mayo.fuster(at)eui.eu
* '''Keywords/themes:''' Free culture movement and 15M; organizational logic; use of technology; connexions with Global Justice Movement; commons perspective
* '''Focus cases:''' Spain - 15M, Catalonia, comparison between OWS and Indignated/15M mobilizations in Spain


'''Related work:'''
Murphy, Emma C.    2009  Theorizing ICTs in the Arab World: Informational Capitalism and the Public Sphere    International Studies Quarterly 53, p. 1131-1153      http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-2478.2009.00571.x/pdf
* Video presentation: The Spanish Revolution & the Internet: From free culture to meta-politics http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/events/luncheon/2011/11/morell
* Blog post Report on OWS Forum on the commons: http://www.onlinecreation.info/?p=492 
* Fuster Morell, M. & Subirats, J. (2012). Més enllà d'Internet com a eina "martell” - eina de la vella política: Cap un nou Policy Making?. Els casos del Moviment de Cultura Lliure i pel Procomú Digital i el 15M a Catalunya (Beyond the Internet as a tool "hammer" - tool of the old politics: Towards a New Policy Making?. Cases the Free Culture Movement and the digital commons and 15M in Catalonia). Research report. Institute de Govern i Politiques Publiques (UAB) per l'Escola d'Administracio Publica de Catalunya. (139 pages)
Abstract: In the context of multiple crises – ecological, political, financial and geopolitical restructuring – there are emerging forms of social cooperation.  In the Spanish case, we have seen some of the largest demonstrations since the country made its transition to democracy in the 70s with massive occupations of public squares, attempts to prevent parliaments’ functioning and citizen assemblies of thousands of people taking place in spring and autumn 2011. Large mobilizations are also taking place in other countries (such as Arab countries, Iceland, Greece, and more recently the United States). This research centered in the case of the Spanish State; analyzing its genealogy and the organizational logic that adopted connected to the use of the new technologies. In the Spanish case, the Free Culture and Digital Commons Movement played an important role in the rising and shaping of the mobilization. The campaign against "Sinde Law" (on restrictive Internet regulation) in December 2010 and its afterworld meta-political derivation into "Don't vote them" campaign (meaning do not vote for the parties which approved Sinde law) are considered a starting point and one of the trajectories that most contributed to the generation of the "Indignate"/15th of May mobilization cycle for a "True Democracy Now". Additionally, the Free Culture and Digital Commons Movement has influenced the organizational logic of the "Indignate" mobilization (particularly in terms of new technologies usage for the collective achievement of common goals). The research first presents the role of the Free Culture and Digital Commons Movement in the genealogy of the "Indignate" Movement in Spanish State. Then, it will be analyzed the commonalities and differences between both emerging forms of social cooperation (contrasting "digital commons" initiatives such as Wikipedia and "society commons" initiatives such as Square Occupations) that together suggest a sift of the format of collective action for mobilization and organization, and a shift to a more active and autonomous role of civic society in the network society. The research is based on the results of an a analysis of 145 initiatives connected to the Indignate mobilization in Catalonia and 28 interview to participants. The research report is in Catalan.
* Fuster Morell, M. (2011). Participacion en communidades online y democracia radical. En A. Calle, Democracia Radical. Entre vínculos y utopías. Barcelona: Icaria Editorial.


=== Dalida María Benfield ===
Musleh, Abeer 2012 Mobilizing during the Arab Revolutions: Palestinian Youth Speak for Themseleves. In Tejerina, B. and I. Perugorría (Eds.) From Social to Political. New Forms of Mobilization and Democratization, Bilbao: Servicio Editorial de la Universidad del País Vasco. Email: abmusleh@gmail.com 


* '''Affiliation:''' Berkman center fellow, Harvard University.
Nanabhay, Mohamed  and Roxane Farmanfarmaian    2011  From spectacle to spectacular: How physical space, social media and mainstream broadcast amplified the public sphere in Egypt's ‘Revolution’  The Journal of North African Studies  http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13629387.2011.639562
*''' Bio & web:''' http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/people/dmbenfield.
* '''Email:'''
* '''Keywords/themes:'''
* '''Focus case:''' Occupy movement, Boston


'''Related work:'''
Nepstad, Sharon Erickson (2012) Nonviolent Resistance in the Arab Spring: The Critical Role of Military-Opposition Alliances. Swiss Political Science Review. Special issue:http://dmmsclick.wiley.com/view.asp?m=0jcva5g0090vlet42smd&u=19087420&f=h


=== Sasha Costanza-Chock ===
Networks and Internet into Perspective" Swiss Political Science Review 17(4): 469–47  http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1662-6370.2011.02040.x/pdf


*''' Affiliation:''' MIT Comparative media and Berkman center fellow, Harvard University.  
Schneider, Cathy Lisa (2012) Violence and State Repression.Swiss Political Science Review. Special issue: http://dmmsclick.wiley.com/view.asp?m=0jcva5g0090vlet42smd&u=19087420&f=h
* '''Bio & web:''' http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/people/scostanzachock & http://schock.cc/
*''' Email:'''
* '''Keywords/themes:''' Social media
* '''Focus case:''' Occupy movement, Boston


'''Related work:'''
Skinner, Julia    2011  Social Media and Revolution: The Arab Spring and the Occupy Movement as Seen through Three Information Studies Paradigms      Sprouts Working Papers on Information Systems  http://sprouts.aisnet.org/11-169/


=== Ethan Zuckerman (TBC) ===
Stephan, Maria J.        2011  Revolution and Political Transformation in the Middle East: Outcomes and Prospects, Volume 3  Middle East Institute  http://www.mei.edu/content/introduction-revolution-and-political-transformation-middle-east-outcomes-and-prospects-vol


* '''Affiliation:''' MIT Comparative media and Berkman center fellow, Harvard University.  
Tufekci, Zaynep.  2011. “Too many messages and only one Facebook page.” Technosociology. Blog posted on September 19, 2011. http://technosociology.org, accessed November 11, 2011.  
*''' Bio & web:''' http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/people/ezuckerman
* '''Email:'''
* '''Keywords/themes:''' Social media
* '''Focus cases:''' Occupy movement, Arab Spring


'''Related work:'''
Tufekci, Zaynep. 2011. “New media and the people-powered uprisings.” Technology Review. Blog posted on August 30, 2011. www.technologyreview.com/blog/guest/27122/, accessed November 11, 2011.


=== Rob Faris ===
Tufekci, Zeynep  2011  New Media and the People-Powered Uprisings    MIT Technology Review  http://www.technologyreview.com/blog/guest/27122/


*''' Affiliation:''' Research Director for the Berkman Center, Harvard University.
Tufekci, Zeynep  N/A; publication forthcoming  The New Media Ecology and the Dynamics of Collective Action and Repression Under Autocracies  Draft provided to Berkman Center team; publication forthcoming in Journal of Communication    N/A; draft provided to Berkman Center team; please see Berkman webcast 'From Tehran to Tahrir: Social Media and Dynamics of Collective Action under Authoritarian Regimes,' available at http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/events/luncheon/2011/09/tufekci 
* '''Bio & web:''' http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/people/rfaris
*''' Email:'''
* '''Keywords/themes:''' Digital media
*''' Focus cases:''' Arab Spring


'''Related work:'''
Tufekci, Zeynep (2011) Video presentation http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/people/zeynep & http://technosociology.org/ Keywords/themes: Collective action and technology Focus cases: Arab Spring (Egypt) Related work: Video presentation: From Tehran to Tahrir: Social Media and Dynamics of Collective Action under Authoritarian Regimes http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/events/luncheon/2011/09/tufekci


* Mapping the Arabic Blogosphere: Politics, Culture and Dissent. Authored by Bruce Etling, John Kelly, Robert Faris and John Palfrey. New Media Society 2010: 1225.
Wilson, Christopher and Alexandra Dunn. 2011a. “Digital media in the Egyptian revolution.” International Journal of Communication 5: 1248-1272.
Abstract: This study explores the structure and content of the Arabic blogosphere using link analysis, term frequency analysis, and human coding of individual blogs. We identified a base network of approximately 35,000 Arabic-language blogs, mapped the 6000 most- connected blogs, and hand coded over 3000. The study is a baseline assessment of the networked public sphere in the Arabic-speaking world, which mainly clusters nationally. We found the most politically active areas of the network to be clusters of bloggers in Egypt, Kuwait, Syria, and the Levant, as well as an ‘English Bridge’ group. Differences among these indicate variability in how online practices are embedded in local political contexts. Bloggers are focused mainly on domestic political issues; concern for Palestine is the one issue that unites the entire network. Bloggers link preferentially to the top Web 2.0 sites (e.g. YouTube and Wikipedia), followed by pan-Arab mainstream media sources, such as Al Jazeera.
Download: http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/publications/2009/Mapping_the_Arabic_Blogosphere
* Online Security in the Middle East and North Africa. A Survey of Perceptions, Knowledge, and Practice. Authored by Rob Faris, Hal Roberts, Rebekah Heacock, Ethan Zuckerman, Urs GasserPublished August 01, 2011
Abstract: Digital communication has become a more perilous activity, particularly for activists, political dissidents, and independent media. The recent surge in digital activism that has helped to shape the Arab spring has been met with stiff resistance by governments in the region intent on reducing the impact of digital organizing and independent media. No longer content with Internet filtering, many governments in the Middle East and around the world are using a variety of technological and offline strategies to go after online media and digital activists. In this report we describe the results of a survey of 98 bloggers in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) carried out in May 2011 in order to study bloggers’ perceptions of online risk and the actions they take to address digital communications security, including both Internet and cell phone use. The survey was implemented in the wake of the Arab spring and documents a proliferation of online security problems among the respondents. In the survey, we address the respondents’ perceptions of online risk, their knowledge of digital security practices, and their reported online security practices. The survey results indicate that there is much room for improving online security practices, even among this sample of respondents who are likely to have relatively high technical knowledge and experience.
Download: http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/node/6973
* Public Discourse in the Russian Blogosphere: Mapping RuNet Politics and Mobilization. Published October 18, 2010. Authored by Bruce Etling, Karina Alexanyan, John Kelly, Rob Faris, John Palfrey, Urs Gasser.
Key findings: We analyzed Russian blogs to discover networks of discussion around politics and public affairs. Beginning with an initial set of over five million blogs, we used social network analysis to identify a highly active ‘Discussion Core’ of over 11,000. These were clustered according to long term patterns of citations within posts, and the resulting segmentation characterized through both automated and human content analysis.
Key findings include:
+ Unlike their counterparts in the US and elsewhere, Russian bloggers prefer platforms that combine features typical of blogs with features of social network services (SNSs) like Facebook. Russian blogging is dominated by a handful of these “SNS hybrids.”
+ While the larger Russian blogosphere is highly divided according to platform, there is a central Discussion Core that contains the majority of political and public affairs discourse. This core is comprised mainly, though not exclusively, of blogs on the LiveJournal platform.
+ The Discussion Core features four major groupings:
i) Politics and Public Affairs (including news-focused discussion, business and finance, social activists, and political movements)
ii) Culture (including literature, cinema, high culture, and popular culture)
iii) Regional (bloggers in Belarus, Ukraine, Armenia, Israel, etc.)
iv) Instrumental (paid blogging and blogging for external incentives)
+ Political/public affairs bloggers cover a broad spectrum of attitudes and agendas and include many who discuss politics from an independent standpoint, as well as those affiliated with offline political and social movements, including strong ‘Democratic Opposition’ and ‘Nationalist’ clusters.
+ The Russian political blogosphere supports more cross-linking debate than others we have studied (including the U.S. and Iranian), and appears less subject to the formation of self-referential ‘echo chambers.’
+ Pro-government bloggers are not especially prominent and do not constitute their own cluster, but are mostly located in a part of the network featuring general discussion of Russian public affairs. However, there is a concentration of bloggers affiliated with pro-government youth groups among the Instrumental bloggers.
+ We find evidence of political and social mobilization, particularly in those clusters affiliated with offline political and social movements.
+ The online ‘news diet’ of Russian bloggers is more independent, international, and oppositional than that of Russian Internet users overall, and far more so than that of non-Internet users, who are more reliant upon state-controlled federal TV channels.
+ Popular political YouTube videos focus on corruption and abuse of power by elites, the government, and the police.


* Others: http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/views/publications/57
Wilson, Christopher, Alexandra Dunn    2011  Digital Media in the Egyptian Revolution: Descriptive Analysis from the Tahrir Data Set International Journal of Communication  http://ijoc.org/ojs/index.php/ijoc/article/view/1180


=== Bruce Etling ===
Zunes, Stephen    2011  Revolution and Political Transformation in the Middle East: Agents of Change, Volume 1  Middle East Institute  http://www.mei.edu/content/revolution-and-political-transformation-middle-east-agents-change


* '''Affiliation:''' Director of the Internet & Democracy Project at the Berkman Center. 
Zunes, Stephen  2011  Revolution and Political Transformation in the Middle East: Government Action and Response, Volume 2  Middle East Institute  http://www.mei.edu/content/introduction-revolution-and-political-transformation-middle-east-government-action-and
* '''Bio & web:''' http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/people/betling  http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/idblog/
* '''Email:''' betling(at)cyber.law.harvard.edu
* '''Keywords/themes:'''
* '''Focus cases:'''


'''Related work:'''
'''BLOG POSTS  ARAB CASES: '''
* See Rob Faris related work.


=== Colin Maclay ===
Carvin, Andy      2011  Online Reports Detail Chaos, Deaths in Tunisia; Add Yours    NPR.org Jan 13  http://www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/2011/01/13/132888992/tunisia-protests-social-media


* '''Affiliation:''' Managing Director of the Berkman Center.
Eltahawy, Mona    2010  Facebook, Youtube, and Twitter are The New Tools of Protest in the Arab World  Washington Post, August 7 2010  http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/08/06/AR2010080605094.html   
* '''Bio & web:''' http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/people/cmaclay
* '''Email:''' cmaclay(at)cyber.law.harvard.edu
* '''Keywords/themes:'''
* '''Focus cases:'''


'''Related work:'''
Gallagher, Ian    2011    Egyptian police use Facebook and Twitter to track down protesters' names before 'rounding them up'     Daily Mail London 2011  http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1354096/Egypt-protests-Police-use-Facebook-Twitter-track-protesters.html


=== Amar Ashar ===
Greenberg, Andy    2011  As Egyptians Reconnect, Their Government Will Be Watching    Forbes.com 2011  http://www.forbes.com/sites/andygreenberg/2011/02/04/as-egyptians-reconnect-their-government-will-be-watching/ 


* '''Affiliation:''' Berkman Center's Program Coordinator.
Hirschkind, Charles      2011  The Road to Tahrir    Social Science Research Council  http://blogs.ssrc.org/tif/2011/02/09/the-road-to-tahrir/  
* '''Bio & web:''' http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/people/aashar
* '''Email''': ashar(at)cyber.law.harvard.edu
*''' Keywords/themes:'''
* '''Focus cases:'''


'''Related work:'''
Levinson, Charles  and Margaret Croker    2011  The Secret Rally That Sparked an Uprising    Wall Street Journal Feb 2011    http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748704132204576135882356532702.html 


=== Mike Ananny ===
Masoud, Tarek    2011  An Exit Plan for Mubarak      New York Times  http://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/04/opinion/04masoud.html 


* '''Affiliation:''' Berkman Center's fellow
Masoud, Tarek    2011  U.S. must back democracy in Egypt regardless  Los Angeles Times      http://articles.latimes.com/2011/feb/09/opinion/la-oe-masoud-egypt-20110209   
* '''Bio & web:''' http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/people/mananny
* '''Email''':
*''' Keywords/themes:'''
* '''Focus cases:''' OWS


'''Related work:'''
May, Michelle  2011  How the Egyptian Revolution Inspired Protests in Spain  PBS Media Shift: Social Networking    http://www.pbs.org/mediashift/2011/06/how-the-egyptian-revolution-inspired-protests-in-spain161.html
* Papers "WikiLeaks and Networked Press Autonomy" and "Tweeting the Revolution" (with Berkman Fellow Beth Coleman) at the Oxford Internet Institute's 20th Anniversary event.


=== Beth Coleman ===
Mccormick, Ty    2011  The Road to Tahrir (Foreign Policy)    Foreign Policy August 18 2011  http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/08/18/the_road_to_tahrir   


* '''Affiliation:''' Berkman Center's fellow
Mostak, Todd    2011  Tarek Masoud discusses the dynamics of Egypt's Revolution    Harvard University Center for Middle Eastern Studies  http://cmes.hmdc.harvard.edu/node/2427 
* '''Bio & web:''' http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/people/bcoleman
* '''Email''':
*''' Keywords/themes:'''
* '''Focus cases:''' OWS


'''Related work:'''
N/A; Gulf Stream Blog  2011  Tunisia's Wikileaks Revolution? Harvard Kennedy School Belfer Center Gulfstream: Analysis from the Dubai Initative    http://middleeastinthenews.wordpress.com/2011/01/15/tunisias-wikileaks-revolution/
* Papers "WikiLeaks and Networked Press Autonomy" and "Tweeting the Revolution" (with Berkman Fellow Mike Ananny) at the Oxford Internet Institute's 20th Anniversary event.
* Paper: Tweeting the Revolution: agency, collective action, and the negotiation of risk in a networked age.
Abstract: This paper looks at the impact of social media platforms on collective action. In particular, it focuses on spheres of activism where personal risk (bodily or otherwise) is the condition of participation. For this analysis, I discuss interviews conducted with Egyptian activists around the events of Tahrir Square. Issues of copresence, witness, and visibility are central to my discussion. This talk is based on a research paper developed with my coauthor Dr. Mike Ananny. Link Ethan Zuckerman liveblogged a talk: http://www.ethanzuckerman.com/blog/2011/10/18/4237/


=== Alicia Solow-Niederman ===
N/A; Gulf Stream Blog  2011  When the People Rise Up: Egypt's Massive Protests and Their Unpredictable Outcomes    Harvard Kennedy School Belfer Center Gulfstream: Analysis from the Dubai Initative    http://middleeastinthenews.wordpress.com/2011/01/25/when-the-people-rise-up-egyptian-massive-protests-and-the-unpredictable-outcomes/


* '''Affiliation:''' Berkman Center for Internet & Society
N/A; Gulf Stream Blog  2011  When the People Rise Up: When the People Rise Up: Lessons from Tunisia  Harvard Kennedy School Belfer Center Gulfstream: Analysis from the Dubai Initative    http://middleeastinthenews.wordpress.com/2011/01/25/when-the-people-rise-up-lessons-from-tunisia/
* '''Bio & web:''' Alicia Solow-Niederman is a project coordinator at the Berkman Center for Internet & Society.
* '''Email:''' aliciasn(at)cyber.law.harvard.edu
* '''Keywords/themes:''' social media's role in social movements, Arab Spring, 'Twitter Revolution' (and whether this phrase is appropriate, the role of technology in helping and/or hindering democratization). Interested in thinking about the correct way to conceptualize online/offline mobilization and the relationships between the two as people navigate cyberspace and physical space during protests.


*''' Focus cases:'''
== Spanish "Indignatos"/15M ==


'''Related work:'''
Fuster Morell, M (2011) Video presentation: The Spanish Revolution & the Internet: From free culture to meta-politics http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/events/luncheon/2011/11/morell


== BERKMAN COLLABORATORS COMING FROM EGYPT==
Fuster Morell, M. & Subirats, J. (2012). Més enllà d'Internet com a eina "martell” - eina de la vella política: Cap un nou Policy Making?. Els casos del Moviment de Cultura Lliure i pel Procomú Digital i el 15M a Catalunya (Beyond the Internet as a tool "hammer" - tool of the old politics: Towards a New Policy Making?. Cases the Free Culture Movement and the digital commons and 15M in Catalonia). Research report. Institute de Govern i Politiques Publiques (UAB) per l'Escola d'Administracio Publica de Catalunya. (139 pages)


=== Nagla Rizk ===
Postill, John. n.d. “Democracy in an age of viral reality,” unpublished manuscript submitted to special edition of Ethnography “Media Ethnography and Public Sphere Engagement,” edited  by Debra Vidali and Thomas Tufte.


* '''Affiliation:''' American University of Cairo
Taibo, Carlos. 2011. El 15-M en sesenta preguntas. Madrid: Los libros de la Catarata.
* '''Bio & web:'''
* '''Email:'''
* '''Keywords/themes:'''
*''' Focus cases:''' Egypt


'''Related work:'''
Toret, Javier (2011) Una mirada tecnopolítica sobre los primeros días del #15M .http://civilsc.net/node/14


=== Lina Attalah ===
Jornadas Seminario de “Comunicación y Sociedad Civil” de la UOC-IN3: http://civilsc.net/


* '''Affiliation:''' American University of Cairo and Egypt Independent
Purmar, Victor (2012) Los indignados cumplen un año. El éxito tangible del 15M http://www.unitedexplanations.org/2012/03/21/los-indignados-cumplen-un-ano-el-exito-tangible-del-15m/
* '''Bio & web:'''  Managing editor of Egypt Independent, a Cairo-based news website (http://www.egyptindependent.com). Besides working in media, I also work on several research-based projects around the themes of space, mobility, technology and intellectual history. I am a co-founder of Arab Techies (http://www.arabtechies.net) and Take to the Sea (http://www.taketothesea.net), advisor to the Arab Digital Expression Foundation (http://www.arabdigitalexpression.org) and an affiliate with the Access to Knowledge for Development Center at AUC (http://www.aucegypt.edu/Business/A2K4D/Pages/Home.aspx).
* '''Email:''' lina.attalah(at)gmail.com
* '''Keywords/themes:''' media, mainstreaming social media in traditional media, access to knowledge
*''' Focus cases:''' Egypt


'''Related work:'''
== Occupy Wall Street ==


* '''On workshop discussions:''' 
American Ethnologist's (AE) May 2012 issue (Volume 39, Issue 2) features three open-access articles on the Occupy movements (by Jeffrey Juris, Maple Razsa/Andrej Kurnik, and David Nugent). ***Photos, abstracts, and direct links to the articles are available on AE's website: http://www.americanethnologist.org Click on the Occupy article titles and you will be taken to the abstracts (and accompanying photos), and at the end of the abstracts you will find live open access links to the full article PDFs in the Wiley-Online Library. 1) Maple Razsa and Andrej Kurnik, "The Occupy Movement in Žižek’s hometown: Direct democracy and a politics of becoming". 2) Jeffrey S. Juris, "Reflections on #Occupy Everywhere: Social media, public space, and emerging logics of aggregation". 3) David Nugent, "Commentary: Democracy, temporalities of capitalism, and dilemmas of inclusion in Occupy movements"


A) ''EMERGING ORGANIZATIONAL FORMS AND DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES. Which organizational forms were adopted by the movements in each case? What
Adbusters call to occupy wall street: www.adbusters.org/blogs/adbusters-blog/occupywallstreet.html (accessed October 24, 2011).  
is the role of social media in shaping these emerging forms? Are there similarities among the cases? What do these cases tell us about the
conditions and organizational principles of collective action?''


I would add here: How the virtuality of online networks somehow reinstates a sense of community which was tactfully broken by the mastery of authoritarian regimes, particularly in the cases of Egypt and Tunisia.
Costanza-Chock, Sasha (2012) Video presentation Media Culture in the Occupy Movement: http://vimeo.com/groups/occupyvideo/videos/37833652


B)'' WHO MOBILIZED AND WITH WHICH GOALS AND STRATEGIES. What is the movement composition (i.e, who were the actors and what social bases were involved)? What were/are the visions and strategies of change in each of the cases? Is there a common political view or strategy among all the cases? What are the significant divisions between actors within each individual case? Are there similar divisions across different cases, and to what extent are the local and national dynamics important in shaping movement configuration?''
Collins, Joan. 2012. "Theorizing Wisconsin's 2011 Protests." American Ethnologist 39(1): 1-15.  


It is particularly interesting to tap into hierarchies embedded in the very horizontal networks produced by online social media: how these hierarchies unfold, how they become acknowledged and embraced, etc...The question could also elucidate issues of digital identities.
Collins, Randall. 2001. “Social movements and the focus of emotional attention.” In Passionate Politics, edited by Jeff Goodwin, James M. Jasper and Francesca
Polletta, 27–44. Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press.


C) ''EXPLANATORY FACTORS AND CONNECTIONS BETWEEN THE CASES. Why did social mobilization happen in so many countries at once? Are there
Hector R. Cordero-Guzman, "Main Stream Support for a Mainstream Movement, The 99% Movement Comes From and Looks Like the 99%, Profile of web traffic taken from occupywallstreet.org," October 19, 2011, http://occupywallst.org (accessed January 4, 2011).
similar explanatory factors and historical trajectories that explain why mobilization took place? Is it legitimate to talk about a global
wave of mobilization? If so, how are these different cases connected and how might we confirm and document the connections between
movements? What are the mechanisms of diffusion and translation among the cases?''


Again, there is certainly a traceable connection between Tunisia's mobilization and Egypt's uprising the day Zeineddin Ben Ali fled. From skeptical mainstream media discourses of "Egypt is not Tunisia", to a euphoric hype on alternative and online social media, to Google Groups shared amongst thousands of users from the two countries to disseminate tips on how to handle police ahead of 25 January; the interconnectedness certainly exists. It becomes a question of how do we study this connection, and how do we trace it its evolution beyond these two countries and even the Arab World as a whole.
Graeber, David. 2011. "On Playing By the Rules—The Strange Success of #OccupyWallStreet,"http://www.nakedcapitalism.com (accessed January 4, 2012).  


== BERKMAN COLLABORATORS COMING FROM CANADA ==
Hardt, Michael and Antonio Negro. 2011. "The Fight for 'Real Democracy' at the Heart of Occupy Wall Street." - (October 11),  www.foreignaffairs.com (accessed  January 5, 2012).


=== Matthew Smith ===
Milan, Stefania. 2011. “Cloud protesting.” Blog posted on October 18, 2011. http://stefi.engagetv.com/node/103, accessed November 11, 2011.


* '''Affiliation:''' International development research center (Canada) http://www.idrc.ca
Gamson, Bill. (2012) [http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/21M12socialcooperation/sites/21M12socialcooperation/images/Gamson_010212CulturalOutcomesOccupyMovement.doc Cultural Outcomes of the Occupy Movement]. December 30, 2011  [with changes added: January 2, 2012]
* '''Bio & web:'''
* '''Email:'''
* '''Keywords/themes:'''
*''' Focus cases:'''


'''Related work:'''
Rinke, Einke M. and Maria Röder. 2011. “Media ecologies, communication culture, and temporal-spatial unfolding.” International Journal of Communication 5: 1273-1285.


=== Dania El-Khechen ===
Costanza-Chock, Sasha    2010  [Dissertation] Se Ve, Se Siente: Transmedia Mobilization in the Los Angeles Immigrant Rights Movement  USC Annenberg School of Communication 2010 Completed Dissertions      http://annenberg.usc.edu/Research/Student/Dissertations/Completed10/Costanza-ChockS.aspx


* '''Affiliation:''' International development research center (Canada) http://www.idrc.ca
Schradie, Jen. 2011. "Why Tents (Still) Matter for the Occupy Movement," www.commondreams.org (January 4, 2012).  
* '''Bio & web:'''
* '''Email:'''
* '''Keywords/themes:'''
*''' Focus cases:'''


'''Related work:'''
Suresh, Fernando Occupy Vancouver Organizer on Dec 27, 2011Occupy My Soul by http://thenextedge.org/2011/12/occupy-my-soul/


== FROM OTHER INSTITUTIONS IN BOSTON ==
Ruggero, E, Colin (2011). "Spirit of ’76: Occupy Philadelphia, Voicelessness, and the Challenge of Growing the Occupy Wall Street Movement" Deliberately Considered, November 2011. Blog post: [http://www.deliberatelyconsidered.com/2011/11/spirit-of-%E2%80%9976-occupy-philadelphia-voicelessness-and-the-challenge-of-growing-the-occupy-wall-street-movement/]


=== Pablo Rey ===
Gamson, Bill. (2012) Boston College Cultural Outcomes of the Occupy Movement. December 30, 2011  [with changes added: January 2, 2012]


* '''Affiliation:''' Visiting Scientist at Center for Civic Media MIT Media Lab; Meipi; Montera34; Basurama.
''Blogs on OWS:''
* '''Bio & web''': Data visualization. Media coverage analysis. Co-organizer Occupyresearch network. http://numeroteca/ + http://montera34.org/prm/
*''' Email:''' pablo(at)basurama.org
* '''Keywords/Themes:''' Twitter and Newspaper front page coverage analysis. Waste. Maps.
Specially interested in the role that the mass media and social media play in these mobilizations. How successful are the social media in the new media ecology? How powerful still is the role of the mass media (specially newspapers)?
* '''Focus cases:''' Occupy movement and Spanish 15M ('indignados') movement.


'''Related work:'''
Meyer David's Blog: http://politicsoutdoors.com/tag/occupy/ and http://politicsoutdoors.com/tag/occupy-wall-street/;
* Gallery of different twitter-newspaper visualizations. http://numeroteca.org/cat/frontpage-newspaper/
* Post: Analyzing newspapers’ front pages to interpret the Mainstream Media ecology. Researching the #15M, #Occupy movement and the Arab Spring. Interested in the relationship between Mainstream Media and social Media(Twitter): http://civic.mit.edu/blog/pablo/analyzing-newspapers-front-pages


=== Nicole Doerr ===
The Center for the Study of Social Movements at the University of Notre Dame <http://cssm.nd.edu/>: http://mobilizingideas.wordpress.com/tag/occupy-movement/;


* '''Affiliation:''' Kennedy School - Harvard University and Ash Center for Democratic Governance and Innovation from University of California Irvine. 
Foreign Affairs articles on OWS: http://www.foreignaffairs.com/node/133733.
*''' Bio & web:''' PhD on social movements. http://www.ash.harvard.edu/Home/About/Fellows-Scholars/Democracy/Doerr-Nicole
* '''Email:''' roshku(at)gmail.com
* '''Keywords/Themes:''' Translation and democracy in movements.
*''' Focus cases:''' Europe


'''Related work:'''
== Russia ==


=== Jeffrey Juris ===
By John Kelly, Vladimir Barash, Karina Alexanyan, Bruce Etling, Robert Faris, Urs Gasser, and John Palfrey “Mapping Russian Twitter” <http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/publications/2012/mapping_russian_twitter>


* '''Affiliation:''' Northeastern University
== Comparison of several cases ==
* '''Bio & web:''' Jeffrey S. Juris is an Associate Professor of Anthropology in the Department of Sociology and Anthropology at Northeastern University. He received his Ph.D. in anthropology from the University of California Berkeley, and is the author of Networking Futures: the Movements against Corporate Globalization (Duke University Press), Global Democracy and the World Social Forums (co-author, Paradigm Press), as well as numerous articles on social movements, transnational networks, new media, and political protest. His co-edited volume, Insurgent Encounters: Transnational Activism, Ethnography, and the Political, is forthcoming with Duke University Press, and he is currently working on a new book about free media and autonomy in Mexico. He is also conducting collaborative research on Occupy Boston, and has a forthcoming article in American Ethnologist called "Reflections on #Occupy Everywhere: Social Media, Public Space, and Emerging Logics of Aggregation." http://www.northeastern.edu/socant/?page_id=354 and www.jeffreyjuris.com
*''' Email:''' j.juris(at)neu.edu
* '''Keywords/Themes:''' globalization; social movements; new media; youth protest; violence; Occupy movements (social media, organization, direct democracy; race/class)
* '''Focus places:''' Previous work in Spain, Mexico, and U.S. Current research on Occupy Boston
* '''Goals of the workshop? Questions that trigger you and would like to be addressed?'''


'''Related work''': See above
Ancelovici, Marcos (2012) “Le mouvement Occupy et la question des inégalités: Ce que le slogan ‘Nous sommes les 99 %’ dit et ne dit pas.” In F. Dupuis-Déri, ed. Par dessus le marché! Rélexions critiques sur le capitalisme. Montreal: Écosociété. [http://ancelovici.files.wordpress.com/2012/03/le-mouvement-occupy-et-la-question-des-inc3a9galitc3a9s-ancelovici.pdf]


=== Charlotte Ryan ===
Rey, Pablo (2011) Gallery of different twitter-newspaper visualizations. http://numeroteca.org/cat/frontpage-newspaper/


* '''Affiliation:''' Movement / Media Research Action Project. Boston College's Social Movements seminar.
Rey, Pablo (2011)  Post: Analyzing newspapers’ front pages to interpret the Mainstream Media ecology. Researching the #15M, #Occupy movement and the Arab Spring. Interested in the relationship between Mainstream Media and social Media(Twitter): http://civic.mit.edu/blog/pablo/analyzing-newspapers-front-pages
* '''Bio & Web:''' http://www.mrap.info/people/charlotte_ryan.html
* '''Email:'''
* '''Keyword/Themes:''' Homeless movement and their use of cellphones for activism.
*''' Focus places:''' Occupy Movement, Boston


'''Related work:'''
Gamson, William A. (2012) Arab Spring, Israeli Summer, and the Process of Cognitive Liberation. Swiss Political Science Review. Special issue: http://dmmsclick.wiley.com/view.asp?m=0jcva5g0090vlet42smd&u=19087420&f=h


===William A. (Bill) Gamson ===
USA - SPAIN


* '''Affiliation:''' Professor of Sociology, Boston College and Co-Director of MRAP (Movements/media Research and Action Project).
Fuster Morell, M (2012) Blog post Report on OWS Forum on the commons: http://www.onlinecreation.info/?p=492
* '''Bio & Web:'''  William A. Gamson is a Professor of Sociology and co-directs, with Charlotte Ryan, the Media Research and Action Project (MRAP) at Boston College.  He co-authored, Shaping Abortion Discourse: Democracy and the Public Sphere in Germany and the United States (2002) and is the author of Talking Politics (1992) and The Strategy of Social Protest (2nd edition, 1990) among other books and articles on political discourse, the mass media and social movements.  He is a past president of the American Sociological Association and a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.  His current work involves the development of game simulations as a tool for social change. Website: http://www.mrap.info/people/william_gamson.html
* '''Email:''' gamson(at)bc.edu
* '''Keyword/Themes:''' Media and Social Movements; cultural and discourse change; framing contests; collective action frames.
*''' Focus places:''' Occupy Movement, Boston, Arab Sprin


'''Related work:'''
== Theory ==
* Gamson, William A. (2012) Arab Spring, Israeli Summer, and the Process of Cognitive Liberation. Swiss Political Science Review. Special issue: http://dmmsclick.wiley.com/view.asp?m=0jcva5g0090vlet42smd&u=19087420&f=h


=== Jason Pramas ===
Aday, Sean, Harry Farrell, Marc Lynch, and John Sides  2010  Special Report: Advancing New Media Research  United States Institute of Peace      http://www.usip.org/publications/advancing-new-media-research 


*''' Affiliation:''' Boston College's Social Movements seminar and Open Media Boston.
Aday, Sean, Harry Farrell, Marc Lynch, John Sides, John Kelly, & Ethan Zuckerman 2010  Blogs and Bullets: New Media in Contentious Politics    United States Institute of Peace      http://www.usip.org/publications/blogs-and-bullets-new-media-in-contentious-politics   
* '''Bio & Web:''' http://www.openmediaboston.org/
* '''Email:'''
* '''Keyword/Themes:''' Precarious workers' movement in Boston.
*''' Focus place:''' Occupy Movement Boston


'''Related work:'''
Bajpai, Kartikeya and Anuj Jaiswal    2011  A Framework for Analyzing Collective Action Events on Twitter  Proceedings of the 8th International ISCRAM Conference--Lisbon, Portugal, May 2011    www.iscramlive.org/ISCRAM2011/proceedings/papers/119.pdf


=== Sandra Ray ===
Benkler, Yochai    2006 (hardcover publication)  The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms Markets and Freedom (see especially Chapter 7, "Political Freedom Part 2: Emergence of the Networked Public Sphere"  Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial Sharealike  License  http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/wealth_of_networks/Main_Page#Reviews_and_Blogs


* '''Affiliation:''' 3L student at Harvard Law
Castells, Manuel 2009  Communication Power    Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University Press      Book reviews are available at:   http://mcs.sagepub.com/content/32/6/1043.full.pdf+html?rss=1 (published in the journal Media Culture Society) or http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/10584609.2010.517097 (published in the journal Political Communication)
* '''Bio & web:''' http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/people/mananny
* '''Email''':
*''' Keywords/themes:'''
* '''Focus cases:''' Greece


'''Related work:'''
Couldry,  Nick, James  Curran  (eds.);  W.  Lance Bennett (author)  2003  Chapter 2: New Media Power: The Internet and Global Activism  Contesting media power: alternative media in a networked world (book)  http://depts.washington.edu/ccce/assets/documents/pdf/newmediapower.pdf 


=== Ofer Sharone ===
della Porta, Donatella Sidney Tarrow (eds). (2005) Transnational Protest and Global Activism, New York, Rowman and Littlefield.


* '''Affiliation:''' MIT Sloan, Institute for Work and Employment Research
della Porta, Donatella (ed.), 2009. Democracy in Social Movements, Houndsmill, Palgrave.
* '''Bio & web:'''  http://sloan.mit.edu/faculty/detail.php?in_spseqno=41284&co_list=F
* '''Email''': osharon(at)@mit.edu
*''' Keywords/themes:'''mobilizing of unemployed, underemployed and precarious workers, comparing this mobilization cross-nationally, and understanding the role of social media.
* '''Focus cases:''' Occupy


'''Related work:'''
Diamond, Larry  2010  Liberation Technology  Journal of Democracy 21(3):69-83      http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/journal_of_democracy/v021/21.3.diamond.html
Earle, Lucy    2011  Literature Review on the Dynamics of Social Movements in Fragile and Conflict-Affected States  Emerging Issues Research Service of the Governance and Social Development Resource Centre (GSDRC)    www.gsdrc.org/docs/open/EIRS13.pdf


== PARTICIPANTS FROM CES ==
Edmond, Chris  2011  Information Manipulation, Coordination, and Regime Change    The National Bureau of Economic Research      http://www.nber.org/papers/w17395.pdf 


===Cristina María Flesher Fominaya ===
Goldstone, Jack    2011  Understanding the Revolutions of 2011  Foreign Affairs  http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/67694/jack-a-goldstone/understanding-the-revolutions-of-2011


* '''Affiliation:''' Lecturer, Department of Sociology, University of Aberdeen.
Goldstone, Jack Ted Robert Gurr and Farrokh Moshiri, eds.     1991  [Book] Revolutions of the Late Twentieth Century      Boulder: Westview Press, 1991  No eBook available
* '''Bio & web:''' PhD, Sociology, University of California, Berkeley. Founding co-chair, Council for European Studies European Social Movements Research Network (http://www.councilforeuropeanstudies.org/research/research-networks/social-movements<https://mail.abdn.ac.uk/owa/redir.aspx?C=3ebe09530160453999a7d1a9bba126a9&URL=http%3a%2f%2fwww.councilforeuropeanstudies.org%2fresearch%2fresearch-networks%2fsocial-movements). Editor Interface journa for and about social movements (http://www.interfacejournal.net). Current research project: Global waves of protest, in development (pending funding). Web: http://aberdeen.academia.edu/CristinaFlesherFominaya
*'''Email:''' cristinaflesher(at)gmail.com
*'''Keyword/Themes:''' Social movements and culture, internal movement divisions, vertical versus horizontal or autonomous versus institutional left approaches, collective identity formation in heterogeneous movements
*'''Focus place:''' Europe


'''Related work:'''
González-Bailón, "Sandra , Javier Borge-Holthoefer, Alejandro Rivero    & Yamir Moreno" 2011   The Dynamics of Protest Recruitment through an Online Network  Scientific Reports 1, Article number: 197, December 2011      http://www.nature.com/srep/2011/111215/srep00197/full/srep00197.html
* Initial research on connections between GJM and 15-M in Europe, which follows from: “The Madrid bombings and popular protest: misinformation, counterinformation, mobilisation and elections after ‘11-M’” Contemporary Social Science Vol. 6, 3, 2011, PPSOE. 1–19. 
* "Collective Identity in Social Movements: Central Concepts and Debates", Sociology Compass,  Vol 4, 6, 2010, PPSOE.393-404, doi: 10.1111/j.1751-9020.2010.00287.x
* “Creating Cohesion from Diversity: The Challenge of Collective Identity Formation in the Global Justice Movement”, Sociological Inquiry, Vol 80, 3, 2010, PPSOE. 377-404, doi: 10.1111/j.1475-682X.2010.00339.x
* “Autonomous Movement and the Institutional Left: Two Approaches in Tension in Madrid's Anti-globalization Network”, South European Society & Politics, Vol 12, 3, 2007, PPSOE.335-358.


=== Laurence Cox ===
Huntington, Samuel P.    1991    [Book] The Third Wave: Democratization in the Late Twentieth Century    Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 1991  No eBook available


*'''Affiliation:''' Dept of Sociology, National University of Ireland Maynooth, '''Co-chair, Council for European Studies Social Movements research network (http://www.councilforeuropeanstudies.org/research/research-networks/social-movements), co-editor Interface journal (http://www.interfacejournal.net).
McAdam, D., Sidney Tarrow and Charles Tilly    2001  Dynamics of Contention  New York, Cambridge University Press, 2001    http://site.ebrary.com.library.aucegypt.edu:2048/lib/aucairo/docDetail.action?docID=10005733
*'''Bio & web: http://sociology.nuim.ie/people/dr-laurence-cox and http://ceesa-ma.blogspot.com
*'''Email:''' laurence.cox(at)nuim.ie
*'''Keyword/Themes:''' social movements in comparative / historical perspective, relationship between anti-capitalist movement and working-class communities
*'''Focus place:''' Ireland, Europe


'''Related work:'''
Meier, Patrick    2011  Chapter 2: From Evidence to Model in Do "Liberation Technologies" Change the Balance of Power Between Repressive Regimes and Civil Society? DRAFT    DRAFT of Stanford University thesis    http://irevolution.files.wordpress.com/2011/11/meier-dissertation-final.pdf


* “Gramsci in Mayo” paper on theorising social movements in Ireland: http://eprints.nuim.ie/2889/
Mourtada, R. and Fadi Salem (2011) Produced by DSG’s Governance and Innovation Program and co-authored by Racha Mourtada and Fadi Salem  2011  Facebook Usage: Factors and Analysis  Dubai School of Government, Arab Social Media Report, Vol. 1, Issue 1, Jan. 2011      http://www.dsg.ae/NEWSANDEVENTS/UpcomingEvents/ASMRHome.aspx   
* "Global movements and social change" sketch for "Occupy University": http://ceesa-ma.blogspot.com/2012/02/global-movements-and-social-change.html
* Working on paper on how movements define themselves historically and locally for CES Boston conference.
* Working on chapter on continuity and ruptures between movements in Europe for book on European social movements.


=== Marcos Ancelovici ===
Mourtada, R. and Fadi Salem Produced by DSG’s Governance and Innovation Program and co-authored by Racha Mourtada and Fadi Salem  2011  Civil Movements: The Impact of Facebook and Twitter    Dubai School of Government, Arab Social Media Report, Vol. 1, Issue 2, May 2011 http://www.dsg.ae/NEWSANDEVENTS/UpcomingEvents/ASMROverview2.aspx     


* '''Affiliation:''' Department of Sociology, McGill University, Montreal
Neumayer, Christina  and Celina Raffl    2008  Facebook for Global Protest: The Potential and Limits of Social Software for Grassroots Activism      Prato CIRN 2008 Community Infomatics Conference: ICTs for Social Inclusion: What is the Reality? Refereed Paper http://pep-forums.990086.n3.nabble.com/file/n2539001/2008-Neumayer-Raffl-Facebook_protest_FARC.pdf   
*''' Bio & web:''' Current project: Anti-Austerity Protests in France and Spain and Occupy movement in Montreal, Canada. Link to my personal webpage: http://ancelovici.wordpress.com/
* Email: marcos.ancelovici(at)mcgill.ca
* '''Keywords/Themes:''' Composition and agenda (Who the occupiers were and what they wanted); Significance, usefulness and limits of framing demands in terms of “we are the 99%”; Participative democracy and the role of assemblies; and, the importance of problem-solving goals in social movements (what difference do they make for mobilization and for the sustainability of the movement?). Anti-austerity protests, discourse/framing, repertoires, skills acquisition
* '''Focus places:''' Spain, France and Montreal.
* '''Methods''': Participant observation, semi-structured interviews, and a survey on the site of the occupation.


'''Related work:'''
Rhue, Lauren, Arun Sundararajan  2011  Digital Access, Political Networks and the Diffusion of Democracy    SSRN, NYU Working Paper No. CEDER-11-03 http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1892669   
* Paper on the Spanish Indignados to be presented at the CES conference;
* Preliminary results about who the occupiers were and what they wanted. Based on survey at the site of the occupation in Montreal (my students and I interviewed 75 people).
* Short paper on the significance, usefulness and limits of framing demands in terms of “we are the 99%” (Paper in French).


=== Christian Scholl ===
Rinke, Eike M.  and Maria Röder  2011  Media Ecologies, Communication Culture, and Temporal-Spatial Unfolding: Three Components in a Communication Model of the Egyptian Regime Change  International Journal of Communication  http://mkw.uni-mannheim.de/prof_dr_hartmut_wessler/eike_rinke/rinke_roeder/rinke_roeder.pdf


* '''Affiliation:''' Lecturer Political Science, University of Amsterdam.
Robert Gurr, Ted  1970  Why Men Rebel  Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1970    No eBook available
* '''Bio & web:''' Current research project: Emergence of indignant movement in Europe
* '''Email:''' c.scholl(at)uva.nl
* '''Keywords/Themes:''' Tensions with Bottom-up democracy
* '''Focus places:''' Europe and Amsterdam.


'''Related work:'''
Ruth Kricheli, Yair Livne, and Beatriz Magaloni 2011  Taking to the Streets: Theory and Evidence on Protests under Authoritarianism  Stanford University's Center on Development, Democracy, and the Rule of Law (CDDRL), Program on Poverty and Governance Project  http://cddrl.stanford.edu/publications/taking_to_the_streets_theory_and_evidence_on_protests_under_authoritarianism/


=== Ana Margarida Esteves ===
Senger, Dustin  (with Dr. Cynthia Suopis)  2010  Can Social Media Spread Democracy? A Review of Literature    dustinsenger.com      www.dustinsenger.com/publications/report/Social_Media_Democracy.pdf   


* '''Affiliation:''' Tulane University
Shehata, Dina  2011  The Fall of the Pharaoh Foreign Affairs  http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/67687/dina-shehata/the-fall-of-the-pharaoh
* '''Bio & web:''' Current research project: Insurgent Economics: The Solidarity Economy movement and the developmentalist state in Brazil (book manuscript based on my dissertation)
* '''Email:''' aesteves(at)tulane.edu
* '''Keywords/Themes:''' Chronology of events and the "contagion" effect between the Arab Spring, the protest movements in Greece, Spain and Portugal and the Occupy movement in the USA.
* '''Focus places:''' Portugal and USA


'''Related work:'''
Shirky, Clay    2008  Here comes everybody: the power of organizing without organizations    New York, Penguin, 2008  http://books.google.com/books/about/Here_comes_everybody.html?id=mafZyckH_bAC


=== Maite Tapia ===
Spier, Shaked    2011  CollectiveAction 2.0: The Impact of ICT-Based Social Media on Collective Action – Difference in Degree or Difference in Kind?  Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin  http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/master/spier-shaked-2011-08-15/PDF/spier.pdf 


* '''Affiliation:''' Ph.D. Candidate at Cornell University. This academic year visiting student at MIT (Institute for Work and Employment Research - Sloan Department of management).
Zimbra, A. Abbasi, and H. Chen    2010  A Cyber-archaeology Approach to Social Movement Research: Framework and Case Study    Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication    http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2010.01531.x/abstract   
* '''Bio & web:''' I am a fifth year PhD student at Cornell University. With a Belgian mom and Spanish dad, I lived most of my life in Bruges, Belgium. I graduated in Law and spent my last year of undergraduate in Italy. I stayed in northern Italy for 4 years, doing a Masters and working at the Institute for Labor in Bologna, before coming to Ithaca. My main interests revolve around trade unions and community-based organizations in the US and Europe. Currently I am focusing on member commitment, organizational structure and culture, and mobilization. Some of my work is forthcoming in the British Journal of Industrial Relations. My work also analyzes the diffusion and adaptation of core organizing elements from the US to the UK and Germany and how these processes are moderated by institutional, socio-economic context.  
*''' Email:''' mtapia81(at)gmail.com
* '''Keywords/themes:''' diffusion of social movements, mobilization capacity, shift to global movement?, growing inequality, The role of the labor movement and whether/how they shaped the rise of these new social movements.
* '''Focus places:''' Occupy movement UK and Germany.
* '''Interested questions:'''i) How and why did the movement emerge and spread/diffused?
ii) to what extent can there be a shift of scale: can these movements become part of a global movement, or are they already?
iii) OWS: how does it remain sustainable over time? From occupying the squares to occupying our minds? To what extent is there an opportunity for other movements (e.g., labor movement) to re-energize?


=== Elżbieta Ciżewska ===


* '''Affiliation:''' University of Warsaw, Institute of Applied Social Sciences, Department of History of Ideas and Anthropology of Culture
'''Blog posts theory:'''
* '''Bio & web:''' I am an assistant professor at the University of Warsaw, Poland, where I give classes on sociology of the Polish Solidarity Movement, civil society and history of ideas of 19th and 20th centuries. I have authored so far one book The Public Philosophy of ”Solidarity”. ”Solidarity” in 1980-81 from the perspective of the republican political tradition [in Polish] which was published in 2010. I covered there subjects ranging from sociology of social movements, through Polish, European and American political thought to the elements of literary criticism. I tried to explain Solidarity’s dynamics by placing its cultural identities in a broad Euro-Atlantic context, mostly in the context of the classical republican tradition which was so essential for the development of modern democracy. The book is based on my PhD thesis that has won numerous prizes, including the highly prestigious Prime Ministers's Award.


*''' Email:''' e.cizewska(at)uw.edu.pl, cizewska(at)gmail.com
Esfandiari, Golnaz  2010  The Twitter Devolution  Foreign Policy June 7 2010    http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2010/06/07/the_twitter_revolution_that_wasnt   
* '''Themes/topics:''' Cultural background of social movements
* '''Focus places:''' Poland


'''Related work:'''
Gladwell, Malcolm  and Clay Shirky      2011  From Innovation to Revolution: Do Social Media Make Protests Possible?  Foreign Affairs http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/67325/malcolm-gladwell-and-clay-shirky/from-innovation-to-revolution 


=== Francesca Vassallo ===
Shirky, Clay      2011  The Political Power of Social Media: Technology, the Public Sphere, and Political Change      Foreign Affairs http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/67038/clay-shirky/the-political-power-of-social-media


*'''Affiliation:''' University of Southern Maine
== Others ==
*'''Bio & web:''' Associate professor of political science. Research interests: conventional and unconventional political activism, socialization in
France and Europe in comparative perspective, French and European politics, EU identity, European integration process. Author of: "France, Social Capital and Political Activism" Palgrave 2010, and journal articles/book chapters on political behavior in Europe.
*'''Email:''' francesca.vassallo(at)maine.edu
*'''Themes/topics:''' Political activism, Europe, socialization and mobilization, protest action.
*'''Focus places:''' French protest context in comparative perspective, theoretical paradigm of unconventional mobilization movements in Europe.


'''Related work:'''
Bauwens, Michel 'Occupy' as a business model: The emerging open-source civilisation. The Occupy Wall Street movement is a model for a new economic paradigm, in which value is first created by communities. http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/2012/03/2012361233474499.html
* Paper for the CES: French Protest and Tradition: Mobilization against the New Minimum Retirement Age. University of Southern Maine
 
'''Work from other authors of reference:'''
 
* Jeff Goodwin and James M. Jasper, eds. Contention in context :  political opportunities and the emergence of protest. Stanford,
California : Stanford University Press, 2012.
 
* Taehyun Nam. "Rough Days in Democracies: Comparing Protests in  Democracies" European Journal of Political Research (2007)46: 97-120.
 
=== Alice Mattoni ===
 
* '''Affiliation:''' University of Pittsburgh and OWS Pittsburgh
* '''Bio & web:''' Phd.
* '''Email:'''
* '''Themes/topics:''' Precarity movement in Italy
* '''Focus places:''' Occupy movement, Pittsburgh, Italy.
 
'''Related work:'''
 
=== E. Colin Ruggero ===
 
* '''Affiliation:''' PhD Candidate, Sociology.  The New School for Social Research.
*''' Bio & web:''' Colin is a PhD Candidate in Sociology at the New School for Social Research.  He currently lives in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania where he is conducting dissertation research as a member of Occupy Philadelphia.  He maintains a blog at [http://www.warofposition.com] where other work and interests can be found.
*''' Email:''' ecolinr(at)gmail.com
*''' Themes/topics:''' Occupy Movement, Punk, Political Consciousness, Identity Formation, Social Movements and Culture, Anti-Capitalist Movements, Contemporary Radical Politics and Culture.  
*''' Focus places:''' Occupy Philadelphia, US Occupy Movement
*''' Paper to Share at Workshop:''' A City and Its Occupation: Occupy Philly, Punk Participation and the Importance of ‘Context and Content’ in Social Movement Studies ([http://www.warofposition.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/Berkman-Center-Workshop-Paper.pdf Download PDF])
 
 
'''Related work:'''
*"Spirit of ’76: Occupy Philadelphia, Voicelessness, and the Challenge of Growing the Occupy Wall Street Movement" Deliberately Considered, November 2011. [http://www.deliberatelyconsidered.com/2011/11/spirit-of-%E2%80%9976-occupy-philadelphia-voicelessness-and-the-challenge-of-growing-the-occupy-wall-street-movement/]
 
*"Radical Green Populism: Climate Change, Social Change and the Power of Everyday Practices" Perspectives on Anarchist Theory 2009. Institute for Anarchist Studies (http://www.anarchiststudies.org/node/309)
 
*"Relocating Energy in the Social Commons" Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society, Vol. 29, No. 2, PPSOE. 81-94 (2009). [http://bst.sagepub.com/content/29/2/81.abstract]
 
*"Building over Planning: Radical Counter-Hegemony and the Dinosaurs of the Old Left." Resistance Studies Magazine (1) 2010. [http://rsmag.org/files/rsm0110.pdf]
 
* Ongoing Dissertation Work - "A City and Its Occupation (Occupy Philly and the Micropolitics of Social Change)."  This is a long term project, begun prior to the emergence of Occupy Philly.  I am both a research and participant, deeply involved with Occupy Philly in both senses.  In the most simple sense, the project asks: Why does Occupy Philly look, sound, act, and transform in the way it does, and what can this tell us about contemporary social movements more generally? Here is a brief abstract of the current state of the project: "The emergence of the U.S. Occupy Movement (OM) has raised a host of complex questions about the nature of ‘social change’ in contemporary Western societies. This article represents the reflections of a young social movement scholar and Occupy participant, struggling to make sense of OM in terms of social movement scholarship and actual activist experience. Drawing on six months of ethnographic research within Occupy Philadelphia (OP), three preliminary insights are highlighted here, analyzed in relation to both ‘the study’ and ‘the practice’ of social movements. First, OP intimately reflects the city itself, its history and geography, tensions and dynamics. Analysis of this contextual relationship highlights the need to reevaluate the ahistorical, universalizing tendencies that pervade social movement literature. Rather than abstracting movements from their historical and cultural contexts, the case of OP suggests the importance of understanding a movement’s specific contexts.  Second, close attention to individual OP participant experiences underscores how movement contexts offer significant insight into the ‘how’ and ‘why’ of social movements. An analysis of the differential participation of Philadelphia Punks in OP demonstrates how grounded, culturally sensitive research can lend crucial analytical insights not currently accessible through approaches found in the literature. Finally, the methodological implications of the suggested approach are discussed, arguing that the literature’s fondness for ‘spectacular’ and explicitly ‘political’ social movement activity is incomplete and limiting.  Greater attention should be given to understanding specific movement contexts, actual actors’ daily experiences and practices, and how these specific rationalities relate to the formation of activist networks and movement canopies."
 
=== Maria Kousis ===
 
* '''Affiliation:'''  Professor of Sociology and Vice Director of the “Bioethics” Graduate Program at the University of Crete
*''' Bio & web:''' Maria Kousis is Professor of Sociology and Vice Director of the “Bioethics” Graduate Program at the University of Crete. Her publications include: Contested Mediterranean Spaces (with T. Selwyn and D. Clark, Berghahn Books 2011), a two-part special issue of American Behavioral Scientist on Mediterranean Political Processes, 1400-2006 (with Charles Tilly and Roberto Franzosi 2008), and Environmental Politics in Southern Europe (with Klaus Eder, Kluwer, 2001). She has coordinated or participated as partner in European Commission projects including EuroMed Heritage II, Environment and Climate Research Programme, and the 6th EU Framework Programme for Research and Technology. She is co-organizer (with Alia Gana) of Session 57 of the 13th World Congress of Rural Sociology “Global crises, contested politics and emerging paradigms in rural Mediterranean”, Lisbon, Portugal, July 29 to Aug. 4, 2012.
*''' Email:''' kousis(at)social.soc.uoc.gr
*''' Themes/topics:''' Environmental movement, economic-political contention, anti-austerity protests,
*''' Focus places:''' Greece
*'''Related work'''
Current Research Note:''' Economic Contention and the Global Economic Crisis: the case of Greece''' Economic contention has recently surfaced  in Western and Mediterranean  regions,  having earlier made its appearance in Latin American (Almeida 2007). In 2011 alone, economic-political contention is evident in anti-austerity protests, the  indignado, and occupy-city movements, as well as Arab revolts for political and economic transformations.  Economic change and its impacts are bearers of opportunities or threats for mobilization, as seen in the case of financial crises and  the growing power of transnational corporations and global economic institutions (Kousis & Tilly 2005; Johnston & Almeida 2006; Almeida 2007). The development of electronic communications has also been considered as a new opportunity and threat for social movements of the past decade (McAdam, Tarrow, and Tilly 2001; Rucht 2005; della Porta and Tarrow 2005). Inspired by the wider economic and political transformations of  the 21st  century my research considers the question:  How  does economic change and variation either (a) constitute significant political threats and opportunities, or (b) shape responses to political threats and opportunities? (Kousis & Tilly 2005). The research will begin by focusing in on Greek protests against austerity measures since 2010, and the ways in which they link with and reflect concerns in indignado, and occupy-city movements, as well as Arab mobilizations. Challenging conventional approaches, the research adopts a relational perspective to the study of political processes in Greece aiming to: a) offer preliminary evidence on citizen activism and claim making against the austerity policies and measures, b) search for the related economic, political, and media opportunity structures at the local, national and global level, 3) explore how time, place and sequence influence the unfolding of the related processes, and, 4) examine events as local manifestations of nonlocal perimeters. The ultimate aim of the research will be to explore economic change as a bearer of opportunity or threat, and to discuss the impact of economic change on particular instances of political mobilization. Funding permitting, the research aspires to explore claims making in peripheral or Mediterranean EU countries experiencing severe austerity measures; i.e. eurozone countries on EU/IMF bailouts: Greece, Ireland, Portugal, and those receiving informal bailouts: Spain and Italy. In such a case, Political Claims Analysis will be applied to study how the claims of the challenging groups (activists, NGOs, networks) reflect those of parallel economic contention mobilizations (Arab, indignado, occupy), as well as by those they challenge (state and transnational global institutions and powerful economic groups).  Mentions to 21st century environmental issues, such as climate justice, will also be explored. This research draws in part from my participation as Partner in the EC funded project “Mediterranean Voices: Oral History and Cultural Practices in Mediterranean Cities” (European Commission).
 
== Other scholars that show interest in the topic and we are connected to ==
 
Dr. Prof. Yochai Benkler
Dr. Prof. Manuel Castells
Dr. Prof. Donatella della Porta
Dr. Prof. Joan Subirats
Dr. Prof. James Jasper
Dr. Andrea Teti
Dr. Zeynep Tufekci
 
= Exchange and systematization of resources on the topic =
 
'''Please add any relevant resource.'''
 
Clusters of issues (working progress) Systematization of insights for the issues to be address: [[Insights on topics]]


Observatorio Metropolitano (Octubre 2011). Crisis y revolucion en Europa. Traficantes de suenyos: Madrid. (Spanish)
http://traficantes.net/index.php/editorial/catalogo/otras/Crisis-y-revolucion-en-Europa
''This analysis  by Observatorio Metropolitano (October 2011) links the social mobilizaions from northern Africa and Europe.''


Occupy research resources:
Occupy research resources:
Line 656: Line 416:
* Zotero Group: https://www.zotero.org/groups/occupyresearch
* Zotero Group: https://www.zotero.org/groups/occupyresearch


 
Chinese Government Reaction to OWS by newmediadev2011 http://newmediadev2011.wikischolars.columbia.edu/Chinese+Government+Reaction+to+OWS
'''ARAB SPRING'''
 
Nepstad, Sharon Erickson (2012) Nonviolent Resistance in the Arab Spring: The Critical Role of Military-Opposition Alliances. Swiss Political Science Review. Special issue:http://dmmsclick.wiley.com/view.asp?m=0jcva5g0090vlet42smd&u=19087420&f=h
 
Goodwin, Jeff. (2012) Why We Were Surprised (Again) by the Arab Spring. Swiss Political Science Review. Special issue: http://dmmsclick.wiley.com/view.asp?m=0jcva5g0090vlet42smd&u=19087420&f=h
 
Schneider, Cathy Lisa (2012) Violence and State Repression.Swiss Political Science Review. Special issue: http://dmmsclick.wiley.com/view.asp?m=0jcva5g0090vlet42smd&u=19087420&f=h
 
Alimi, Eitan Y.  and David S. Meyer (2012) Seasons of Change: Arab Spring and Political Opportunities. Swiss Political Science Review. Special issue: http://dmmsclick.wiley.com/view.asp?m=0jcva5g0090vlet42smd&u=19087420&f=h
 
Diani, Mario (2012)  Networks and Internet into Perspective. Swiss Political Science Review. Special issue: http://dmmsclick.wiley.com/view.asp?m=0jcva5g0090vlet42smd&u=19087420&f=h
 
Gamson, William A. (2012)  Arab Spring, Israeli Summer, and the Process of Cognitive Liberation. Swiss Political Science Review. Special issue: http://dmmsclick.wiley.com/view.asp?m=0jcva5g0090vlet42smd&u=19087420&f=h
 
Goldstone, Jack A. (2012)  Cross-class Coalitions and the Making of the Arab Revolts of 2011. Swiss Political Science Review. Special issue: http://dmmsclick.wiley.com/view.asp?m=0jcva5g0090vlet42smd&u=19087420&f=h
 
Aouragh, Miriyam and Anne Alexander. 2011. “The Egyptian experience.” International Journal of Communication (5): 1344-1358.
International Journal of Communication (Vol. 5), http://ijoc.org/ojs/index.php/ijoc
 
Lotan, Gilad et al. 2011. “The revolutions were tweeted.” International Journal of Communications 5: 1375-1405.
Malcolm Gladwell’s blog post on The New Yorker website, “Does Egypt Need Twitter?” www.newyorker.com (accessed November 11, 2011).
 
Tufekci, Zaynep.  2011. “Too many messages and only one Facebook page.” Technosociology. Blog posted on September 19, 2011. http://technosociology.org, accessed November 11, 2011.
 
Tufekci, Zaynep. 2011. “New media and the people-powered uprisings.” Technology Review. Blog posted on August 30, 2011. www.technologyreview.com/blog/guest/27122/, accessed November 11, 2011.
 
Tufekci, Zeynep (2011) Video presentation http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/people/zeynep & http://technosociology.org/ Keywords/themes: Collective action and technology Focus cases: Arab Spring (Egypt) Related work: Video presentation: From Tehran to Tahrir: Social Media and Dynamics of Collective Action under Authoritarian Regimes http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/events/luncheon/2011/09/tufekci
 
Wilson, Christopher and Alexandra Dunn. 2011a. “Digital media in the Egyptian revolution.” International Journal of Communication 5: 1248-1272.
 
'''SPANISH CASE'''
 
Fuster Morell, M (2011) Video presentation: The Spanish Revolution & the Internet: From free culture to meta-politics http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/events/luncheon/2011/11/morell
 
Fuster Morell, M. & Subirats, J. (2012). Més enllà d'Internet com a eina "martell” - eina de la vella política: Cap un nou Policy Making?. Els casos del Moviment de Cultura Lliure i pel Procomú Digital i el 15M a Catalunya (Beyond the Internet as a tool "hammer" - tool of the old politics: Towards a New Policy Making?. Cases the Free Culture Movement and the digital commons and 15M in Catalonia). Research report. Institute de Govern i Politiques Publiques (UAB) per l'Escola d'Administracio Publica de Catalunya. (139 pages)
 
Postill, John. n.d. “Democracy in an age of viral reality,” unpublished manuscript submitted to special edition of Ethnography “Media Ethnography and Public Sphere Engagement,” edited  by Debra Vidali and Thomas Tufte.
 
Taibo, Carlos. 2011. El 15-M en sesenta preguntas. Madrid: Los libros de la Catarata.
 
'''USA OCCUPY CASE'''
 
Adbusters call to occupy wall street: www.adbusters.org/blogs/adbusters-blog/occupywallstreet.html (accessed October 24, 2011).
 
Collins, Joan. 2012. "Theorizing Wisconsin's 2011 Protests." American Ethnologist 39(1): 1-15.
 
Collins, Randall. 2001. “Social movements and the focus of emotional attention.” In Passionate Politics, edited by Jeff Goodwin, James M. Jasper and Francesca
Polletta, 27–44. Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press.
 
Hector R. Cordero-Guzman, "Main Stream Support for a Mainstream Movement,  The 99% Movement Comes From and Looks Like the 99%, Profile of web traffic taken from occupywallstreet.org," October 19, 2011, http://occupywallst.org (accessed January 4, 2011).
 
Graeber, David. 2011. "On Playing By the Rules—The Strange Success of #OccupyWallStreet,"http://www.nakedcapitalism.com (accessed January 4, 2012).
 
Hardt, Michael and Antonio Negro. 2011. "The Fight for 'Real Democracy' at the Heart of Occupy Wall Street." - (October 11),  www.foreignaffairs.com (accessed  January 5, 2012).
 
Milan, Stefania. 2011. “Cloud protesting.” Blog posted on October 18, 2011. http://stefi.engagetv.com/node/103, accessed November 11, 2011.
 
Rinke, Einke M. and Maria Röder. 2011. “Media ecologies, communication culture, and temporal-spatial unfolding.” International Journal of Communication 5: 1273-1285.
 
Schradie, Jen. 2011. "Why Tents (Still) Matter for the Occupy Movement," www.commondreams.org (January 4, 2012).
 
Suresh, Fernando Occupy Vancouver Organizer on Dec 27, 2011Occupy My Soul by http://thenextedge.org/2011/12/occupy-my-soul/
 
Ruggero, E, Colin (2011). "Spirit of ’76: Occupy Philadelphia, Voicelessness, and the Challenge of Growing the Occupy Wall Street Movement" Deliberately Considered, November 2011. Blog post: [http://www.deliberatelyconsidered.com/2011/11/spirit-of-%E2%80%9976-occupy-philadelphia-voicelessness-and-the-challenge-of-growing-the-occupy-wall-street-movement/]
 
''Blogs on OWS:''
 
Meyer David's Blog: http://politicsoutdoors.com/tag/occupy/ and http://politicsoutdoors.com/tag/occupy-wall-street/;
 
The Center for the Study of Social Movements at the University of Notre Dame <http://cssm.nd.edu/>: http://mobilizingideas.wordpress.com/tag/occupy-movement/;
 
Foreign Affairs articles on OWS: http://www.foreignaffairs.com/node/133733.
 
'''COMPARISON OF CASES'''
 
Rey, Pablo (2011) Gallery of different twitter-newspaper visualizations. http://numeroteca.org/cat/frontpage-newspaper/
 
Rey, Pablo (2011)  Post: Analyzing newspapers’ front pages to interpret the Mainstream Media ecology. Researching the #15M, #Occupy movement and the Arab Spring. Interested in the relationship between Mainstream Media and social Media(Twitter): http://civic.mit.edu/blog/pablo/analyzing-newspapers-front-pages
 
USA - SPAIN
 
Fuster Morell, M (2012) Blog post Report on OWS Forum on the commons: http://www.onlinecreation.info/?p=492
 
'''OTHERS'''
 
Observatorio Metropolitano (Octubre 2011). Crisis y revolucion en Europa. Traficantes de suenyos: Madrid. (Spanish)
http://traficantes.net/index.php/editorial/catalogo/otras/Crisis-y-revolucion-en-Europa
''This analysis  by Observatorio Metropolitano (October 2011) links the social mobilizaions from northern Africa and Europe.''

Latest revision as of 13:30, 18 June 2012

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Participants workshop March 21, 2011
The Puerta del Sol square in Madrid May 2011
Celebrations in Tahrir Square, Cairo, 2011
Demonstrators in front of the Greek parliament, 29 May.
Protesters in downtown Tunis on 14 January 2011
Iceland concentration 20 January 2009
Protesters near the New York City Police Department, 2011
Protesters gathering in Pearl roundabout for the first time since the begging of the 2011 Bahraini uprising
Protest in Sanaa, Yemen (February 3, 2011)
Demonstration in Al Bayda Libya, 2011
Demonstrators in the plaza in front of the Greek parliament, 25 May
Anonymous protestors at the Brussels Stock Exchange, Belgium, January 2012
Sol, 18 May, early morning
Occupy London Tent, 25 May 2011
Poster OWS 17 September 2011

Workshop: Understanding the New Wave of Social Cooperation: A Triangulation of the Arab Revolutions, European Mobilizations and the American Occupy Movement
9:00am-5:15pm
March 21st, 2012
Harvard University- Cambridge, MA (Boston)
Social media hashtag: #21M #occupyresearch IRC: #Berkman

Introduction

This one-day workshop brought together several groups of researchers: members of the Council for European Studies (CES) European Social Movements research network who were in Boston for the Council for European Studies conference (March 22 - 24); scholars at the Berkman Center; and researchers from institutions including the Harvard Kennedy School, MIT's Comparative Media Center, Northwest University and Boston College's'Movements/media Research and Action Project (MRAP).

The workshop was hosted in the Berkman Center at Harvard University and is organized in cooperation with the Council for European Studies (CES) European Social Movements research network and the collaboration of MIT Comparative media and Occupy Research. Organization credits

Goals and Key Objectives

At this event, we undertook a historically grounded comparative approach that attempted to place these protests and their corresponding forms of social cooperation in context and sought to establish an analytical and theoretical grounding for the study of these events. We did not only investigate each individual case, but also assessed the relationships (or lack thereof) between each of the respective cases.

More specifically, the workshop analyzed the particular details associated with each national/regional case and identified and discussed any commonalities between them based on a 'triangulation' of current research and understanding on the Arab revolutions, European mobilizations and the American Occupy movement. To facilitate an interactive discussion on these topics during the event, the specific angle of each of the three planned sessions was defined around clusters of participants' interest:

  • EMERGING ORGANIZATIONAL FORMS AND DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES

Which organizational forms were adopted by the movements in each case? What is the role of social media in shaping these emerging forms? Are there similarities among the cases? What do these cases tell us about the conditions and organizational principles of collective action?

  • WHO MOBILIZED AND WITH WHICH GOALS AND STRATEGIES?

What is the movement composition (i.e, who were the actors and what social bases were involved)? In terms of the actors what is the continuity with previous mobilization waves, such as the global justice movement? What were/are the visions and strategies of change in each of the cases? Is there a common political view or strategy among all the cases? What are the significant divisions between actors within each individual case? Are there similar divisions across different cases, and to what extent are the local and national dynamics important in shaping movement configuration?

  • EXPLANATORY FACTORS AND CONNECTIONS AMONG THE CASES

Why did social mobilization happen in so many countries at once? Are there similar explanatory factors and historical trajectories that explain why mobilization took place? Is it legitimate to talk about a global wave of mobilization? If so, how are these different cases connected and how might we confirm and document the connections between movements? What are the mechanisms of diffusion and translation among the cases?

Objectives:

To achieve the overarching goal of "triangulating" of the current research and understanding on the Arab revolutions, European mobilizations and the American Occupy movement, our specific goals were:

  • Contextualize (both historically and from a socio-political perspective) the impact of digital tools in collective action by connecting the social movements studies tradition with the analysis of Internet-based phenomena, which required drawing connections among European, North American, and Arabic approaches to research and analysis.
  • Map and systematically organize existing research and expertise on the current wave of social cooperation and mobilization.
  • Exchange, share, and discuss current work and facilitate synergy among researchers on the topic.

Format and methodology

The workshop was intended as an exchange between researchers at the event rather than as an opportunity to disseminate information to other researchers or to the general public. To facilitate interaction among researchers, this workshop avoided conference-style presentations and instead was designed to foster dialogue among individuals working in this space. The format was mainly discussion-based around a series of questions, with the opportunity to share papers in advance of the event itself at this wiki. A maximum of 30 participants were expected at this highly-interactive event.

For each session, a moderator introduced the theme followed by very short (5 minute) warm up presentations. Then all participants were invited to discuss any and all issues pertaining to the theme. Each session finalized by someone providing a synthesis of the discussion. For each session, we assigned a note taker and like tweeting.

All workshop discussion were audio recorded for note taking purposes. Live streaming connexion were provided upon request.

Schedule

List of participants

Contact Mayo Fuster Morell at mayofm(at)cyber.law.harvard.edu or Amar Ashar at ashar(at)cyber.law.harvard.edu

Workshop documentation

Notes sessions:

  • 9:30 am – 10:30 am EMERGING ORGANIZATIONAL FORMS AND DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES and 10:45 am-11:45 am CONTINUATION EMERGING ORGANIZATIONAL FORMS AND DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES: METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES Notes session
  • 1:00 pm-2:30 pm WHO MOBILIZED AND WITH WHICH GOALS AND STRATEGIES? Notes session
  • 2:45 pm-4:15 pm EXPLANATORY FACTORS AND CONNECTIONS AMONG THE CASES Notes session
  • 4:15 - 5:00 pm Final reflections and next steps: Theoretical Take-Aways and Ways to Rethink Research Notes takes final session

Slides:

Audio recording of the workshop could be provided upon request.

Map of case/participant

USA Occupy movement (general): Beth Coleman, Maite Tapia, E. Colin Ruggero, Marcos Ancelovici, William A. (Bill) Gamson, Ofer Sharone, Pablo Rey, Dalida María Benfield, Nicole Doerr, Tim McCarthy, Martha Fuentes-Bautista

  • Boston: Sasha Costanza-Chock, Pablo Rey, Nicole Doerr, Jeffrey Juris, Jason Pramas, Sandra Ray, Robert J. Wengronowitz, Gabriel Schaffzin
  • Pittburg: Alice Mattoni
  • Philadelphia: E. Colin Ruggero

Canada: Montreal: Marcos Ancelovici

Arab Spring (general): Rob Faris, Bruce Etling, Alicia Solow-Niederman, William A. (Bill) Gamson

  • Tunisia: Zack Brisson
  • Egypt: Lina Attalah, Zeynep Tufekci, Nagla Rizk, Alicia Solow-Niederman, Zack Brisson, Dalida María Benfield

South African Movements: Nicole Doerr

Israeli Summer: William A. (Bill) Gamson

European dimension: Cristina María Flesher Fominaya, Francesca Vassallo, Nicole Doerr, Alexander Trechsel

  • Spain: Mayo Fuster Morell, Pablo Rey, Cristina María Flesher Fominaya, Marcos Ancelovici
  • Germany: Nicole Doerr, Maite Tapia
  • Greece: Maria Kousis, Sandra Ray
  • Italy: Alice Mattoni
  • UK: Maite Tapia
  • Ireland: Laurence Cox France : Marcos Ancelovici, Francesca Vassallo
  • Poland: Elzbieta Cizewska
  • France: Marcos Ancelovici
  • Russia: Rob Faris, Bruce Etling

Latino-america:

  • Venezuela: Martha Fuentes-Bautista

Distribution of participants per topics

Bibliographic resources

Please add any relevant resource.

Arab Spring

"Faculty Insights", AUC Today, Spring 2011 http://www1.aucegypt.edu/publications/auctoday/AUCTodaySpring11/01_Faculty_Insights.htm

Al-Malky, Rania 2007 Blogging for Reform: the Case of Egyp Arab Media and Society (February 2007) http://www.arabmediasociety.com/articles/downloads/20070312143716_AMS1_Rania_Al_Malky.pdf

Alimi, Eitan Y. and David S. Meyer (2012) Seasons of Change: Arab Spring and Political Opportunities. Swiss Political Science Review. Special issue: http://dmmsclick.wiley.com/view.asp?m=0jcva5g0090vlet42smd&u=19087420&f=h

Anderson, Jon 2003 New Media, New Publics: Reconfiguring the Public Sphere of Islam Social Research 70 (3):888-906 http://www.policyinnovations.org/ideas/policy_library/data/01338

Anderson, Lisa 2011 Demystifying the Arab Spring: Parsing the Differences Between Tunisia, Egypt, and Libya Foreign Affairs http://www.ssrresourcecentre.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/Anderson-Demystifying-the-Arab-Spring.pdf

Aouragh, Miriyam and Anne Alexander. 2011. “The Egyptian experience.” International Journal of Communication (5): 1344-1358.

Axelford, Barrie 2011 Talk about a Revolution: Social Media and the MENA Uprisings Globalizations (published by Global Studies Association of North America), Volume 8, Issue 5, 2011 (available via Taylor & Francis Online) http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/14747731.2011.621281#preview

Babak Rahimi 2011 The Agonistic Social Media: Cyberspace in the Formation of Dissent and Consolidation of State Power in Postelection Iran The Communication Review http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10714421.2011.597240

Brisson, Zack, & Krontiris, Kate (March, 2012). 'Tunisia: From Revolutions to Institutions' <http://dl.dropbox.com/u/53226669/Tunisia%201-2012-Publication-Web-%C6%92.pdf> World Bank Group

Brisson, Zack, & Lee, Panthea (March, 2011). 'Egypt: From Revolutions to Institutions'<http://thereboot.org/wp-content/Egypt/Reboot-Egypt-From-Revolutions-To-Institutions.pdf>

Chebib, Nadine Kassem and Rabia Minatullah Sohail 2011 The Reasons Social Media Contributed To The 2011 Egyptian Revolution International Journal of Business Research and Management (IJBRM), Volume (2) : Issue (3) : 2011 http://www.cscjournals.org/csc/manuscript/Journals/IJBRM/volume2/Issue3/IJBRM-52.pdf

Compilation of authors; Edited by Marc Lynch, Susan B. Glasser, and Blake Hounshell 2011 [e-book] Revolution in the Arab World: Tunisia, Egypt and the Unmaking of an Era Foreign Policy http://www.foreignpolicy.com/ebooks/revolution_in_the_arab_world

Cottle, Simon 2011 Media and the Arab uprisings of 2011: Research notes Journalism, July 2011; 12 (5) http://www.contexting.me/files/CottleMediaandtheArabUprising.pdf

Diani, Mario (2012) Networks and Internet into Perspective. Swiss Political Science Review. Special issue: http://dmmsclick.wiley.com/view.asp?m=0jcva5g0090vlet42smd&u=19087420&f=h

Dupont, Cédric, Florence Passy 2011 Debate: The Arab Spring or How to Explain those Revolutionary Episodes? Swiss Political Science Review, Volume 17, Issue 4, pages 447–451, December 2011 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1662-6370.2011.02037.x/abstract

Eickelman, Dale 2005 New Media in the Arab Middle East and the Emergence of Open Societies in Remaking Muslim Politics ed. Robert Hefner 2005, Princeton University Press http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=MmmVMCBej8oC&oi=fnd&pg=PA37&dq=%22new+media+in+the+arab+middle+east%22&ots=VVVYG9YiIe&sig=Z8J5mbCrhB5slmusWY4GlY20q20#v=onepage&q=%22new%20media%20in%20the%20arab%20middle%20east%22&f=false

Ellis, Christopher J., John Fender 2010 Information Cascades and Revolutionary Regime Transitions The Economic Journal http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-0297.2010.02401.x/abstract

Eltantawy, Nahed, Julie B. Wiest 2011 Social Media in the Egyptian Revolution: Reconsidering Resource Mobilization Theory International Journal of Communication http://ijoc.org/ojs/index.php/ijoc/article/view/1242

eMarketing Egypt 2011 Facebook in Egypt:e-marketing insights August 2011 Gartner Research N/A Farrell, Henry N/A The Internet's Consequences for Politics Not yet published; posted online at Crooked Timber Blog crookedtimber.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/ARPS.pdf

Gamson, William A. (2012) Arab Spring, Israeli Summer, and the Process of Cognitive Liberation. Swiss Political Science Review. Special issue: http://dmmsclick.wiley.com/view.asp?m=0jcva5g0090vlet42smd&u=19087420&f=h

Ghannam, Jeffrey 2011 Social Media in the Arab World: Leading up to the Uprisings of 2011 Center for International Media Assistance http://cima.ned.org/publications/social-media-arab-world-leading-uprisings-2011-0

Goldstone, Jack A. (2012) Cross-class Coalitions and the Making of the Arab Revolts of 2011. Swiss Political Science Review. Special issue: http://dmmsclick.wiley.com/view.asp?m=0jcva5g0090vlet42smd&u=19087420&f=h

Goodwin, Jeff. (2012) Why We Were Surprised (Again) by the Arab Spring. Swiss Political Science Review. Special issue: http://dmmsclick.wiley.com/view.asp?m=0jcva5g0090vlet42smd&u=19087420&f=h

Howard, P. 2010 [Book] The Digital Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy: Information Technology and Political Islam Oxford University Press, 2010 http://faculty.washington.edu/pnhoward/publishing/internetislam/internetislam.html

Howard, Philip N. Aiden Duffy, Deen Freelon, Muzammil Hussain, Will Mari, and Marwa Mazaid 2011 Opening Closed Regimes: What Was the Role of Social Media During the Arab Spring? Project on Information Technology & Political Islam (pITPI) http://pitpi.org/index.php/2011/09/11/opening-closed-regimes-what-was-the-role-of-social-media-during-the-arab-spring/

International Journal of Communication (Vol. 5), http://ijoc.org/ojs/index.php/ijoc

Iqbal, Zubair 2011 Are Democratic Revolts Contagious? Implications for the Arab World Middle East Institute http://www.mei.edu/content/are-democratic-revolts-contagious-implications-arab-world

Kabir, Nahid Afrose 2011 Egypt's Arab Spring: will the flowers blossom? University of South Australia International Centre for Muslim and non-Muslim Understanding http://www.unisa.edu.au/muslim-understanding/documents/kabir-egypts-arab-spring.pdf

Khamis, Dr. Sahar and Katherine Vaughn 2011 Cyberactivism in the Egyptian Revolution: How Civic Engagement and Citizen Journalism Tilted the Balance Published in Issue 13 of Arab Media and Society (Formerly TBS Journal), Summer 2011 http://www.arabmediasociety.com/?article=769

Khondker, Habibul Haque 2011 Role of the New Media in the Arab Spring Globalizations (published by Global Studies Association of North America), Volume 8, Issue 5, 2011 (available via Taylor & Francis Online) http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/14747731.2011.621287

Laipson, Ellen (project director); Courtney C. Radsch (author) 2011 Blogosphere and Social Media (pp. 67-81) Seismic Shift: Understanding Change in the Middle East http://www.stimson.org/images/uploads/research-pdfs/Blogosphere_and_Social_Media.pdf

Lotan, Gilad et al. 2011. “The revolutions were tweeted.” International Journal of Communications 5: 1375-1405.

Lotan, Gilad, Erhardt Graeff, Mike Ananny, Devin Gaffney, Ian Pearce, danah boyd 2011 The Revolutions Were Tweeted: Information Flows During the 2011 Tunisian and Egyptian Revolutions International Journal of Communication http://ijoc.org/ojs/index.php/ijoc/article/view/1246

Lynch, Marc 2011 After Egypt: The Limits and Promise of Online Challenges to the Authoritarian Arab State Perspectives on Politics (2011), 9 : pp 301-310 http://www.marclynch.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/download-Lynch-article.pdf

Lynch, Marc 2007 Blogging the New Arab Public Arab Media and Society (February 2007) http://www.arabmediasociety.com/articles/downloads/20070312155027_AMS1_Marc_Lynch.pdf

Lysenkoa, Volodymyr V. Kevin C. Desouzab 2012 Moldova's internet revolution: Analyzing the role of technologies in various phases of the confrontation Technological Forecasting and Social Change, via Science Direct http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040162511001223

Malcolm Gladwell’s blog post on The New Yorker website, “Does Egypt Need Twitter?” www.newyorker.com (accessed November 11, 2011).

Murphy, Emma C. 2009 Theorizing ICTs in the Arab World: Informational Capitalism and the Public Sphere International Studies Quarterly 53, p. 1131-1153 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-2478.2009.00571.x/pdf

Musleh, Abeer 2012 Mobilizing during the Arab Revolutions: Palestinian Youth Speak for Themseleves. In Tejerina, B. and I. Perugorría (Eds.) From Social to Political. New Forms of Mobilization and Democratization, Bilbao: Servicio Editorial de la Universidad del País Vasco. Email: abmusleh@gmail.com

Nanabhay, Mohamed and Roxane Farmanfarmaian 2011 From spectacle to spectacular: How physical space, social media and mainstream broadcast amplified the public sphere in Egypt's ‘Revolution’ The Journal of North African Studies http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13629387.2011.639562

Nepstad, Sharon Erickson (2012) Nonviolent Resistance in the Arab Spring: The Critical Role of Military-Opposition Alliances. Swiss Political Science Review. Special issue:http://dmmsclick.wiley.com/view.asp?m=0jcva5g0090vlet42smd&u=19087420&f=h

Networks and Internet into Perspective" Swiss Political Science Review 17(4): 469–47 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1662-6370.2011.02040.x/pdf

Schneider, Cathy Lisa (2012) Violence and State Repression.Swiss Political Science Review. Special issue: http://dmmsclick.wiley.com/view.asp?m=0jcva5g0090vlet42smd&u=19087420&f=h

Skinner, Julia 2011 Social Media and Revolution: The Arab Spring and the Occupy Movement as Seen through Three Information Studies Paradigms Sprouts Working Papers on Information Systems http://sprouts.aisnet.org/11-169/

Stephan, Maria J. 2011 Revolution and Political Transformation in the Middle East: Outcomes and Prospects, Volume 3 Middle East Institute http://www.mei.edu/content/introduction-revolution-and-political-transformation-middle-east-outcomes-and-prospects-vol

Tufekci, Zaynep. 2011. “Too many messages and only one Facebook page.” Technosociology. Blog posted on September 19, 2011. http://technosociology.org, accessed November 11, 2011.

Tufekci, Zaynep. 2011. “New media and the people-powered uprisings.” Technology Review. Blog posted on August 30, 2011. www.technologyreview.com/blog/guest/27122/, accessed November 11, 2011.

Tufekci, Zeynep 2011 New Media and the People-Powered Uprisings MIT Technology Review http://www.technologyreview.com/blog/guest/27122/

Tufekci, Zeynep N/A; publication forthcoming The New Media Ecology and the Dynamics of Collective Action and Repression Under Autocracies Draft provided to Berkman Center team; publication forthcoming in Journal of Communication N/A; draft provided to Berkman Center team; please see Berkman webcast 'From Tehran to Tahrir: Social Media and Dynamics of Collective Action under Authoritarian Regimes,' available at http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/events/luncheon/2011/09/tufekci

Tufekci, Zeynep (2011) Video presentation http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/people/zeynep & http://technosociology.org/ Keywords/themes: Collective action and technology Focus cases: Arab Spring (Egypt) Related work: Video presentation: From Tehran to Tahrir: Social Media and Dynamics of Collective Action under Authoritarian Regimes http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/events/luncheon/2011/09/tufekci

Wilson, Christopher and Alexandra Dunn. 2011a. “Digital media in the Egyptian revolution.” International Journal of Communication 5: 1248-1272.

Wilson, Christopher, Alexandra Dunn 2011 Digital Media in the Egyptian Revolution: Descriptive Analysis from the Tahrir Data Set International Journal of Communication http://ijoc.org/ojs/index.php/ijoc/article/view/1180

Zunes, Stephen 2011 Revolution and Political Transformation in the Middle East: Agents of Change, Volume 1 Middle East Institute http://www.mei.edu/content/revolution-and-political-transformation-middle-east-agents-change

Zunes, Stephen 2011 Revolution and Political Transformation in the Middle East: Government Action and Response, Volume 2 Middle East Institute http://www.mei.edu/content/introduction-revolution-and-political-transformation-middle-east-government-action-and

BLOG POSTS ARAB CASES:

Carvin, Andy 2011 Online Reports Detail Chaos, Deaths in Tunisia; Add Yours NPR.org Jan 13 http://www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/2011/01/13/132888992/tunisia-protests-social-media

Eltahawy, Mona 2010 Facebook, Youtube, and Twitter are The New Tools of Protest in the Arab World Washington Post, August 7 2010 http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/08/06/AR2010080605094.html

Gallagher, Ian 2011 Egyptian police use Facebook and Twitter to track down protesters' names before 'rounding them up' Daily Mail London 2011 http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1354096/Egypt-protests-Police-use-Facebook-Twitter-track-protesters.html

Greenberg, Andy 2011 As Egyptians Reconnect, Their Government Will Be Watching Forbes.com 2011 http://www.forbes.com/sites/andygreenberg/2011/02/04/as-egyptians-reconnect-their-government-will-be-watching/

Hirschkind, Charles 2011 The Road to Tahrir Social Science Research Council http://blogs.ssrc.org/tif/2011/02/09/the-road-to-tahrir/

Levinson, Charles and Margaret Croker 2011 The Secret Rally That Sparked an Uprising Wall Street Journal Feb 2011 http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748704132204576135882356532702.html

Masoud, Tarek 2011 An Exit Plan for Mubarak New York Times http://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/04/opinion/04masoud.html

Masoud, Tarek 2011 U.S. must back democracy in Egypt regardless Los Angeles Times http://articles.latimes.com/2011/feb/09/opinion/la-oe-masoud-egypt-20110209

May, Michelle 2011 How the Egyptian Revolution Inspired Protests in Spain PBS Media Shift: Social Networking http://www.pbs.org/mediashift/2011/06/how-the-egyptian-revolution-inspired-protests-in-spain161.html

Mccormick, Ty 2011 The Road to Tahrir (Foreign Policy) Foreign Policy August 18 2011 http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/08/18/the_road_to_tahrir

Mostak, Todd 2011 Tarek Masoud discusses the dynamics of Egypt's Revolution Harvard University Center for Middle Eastern Studies http://cmes.hmdc.harvard.edu/node/2427

N/A; Gulf Stream Blog 2011 Tunisia's Wikileaks Revolution? Harvard Kennedy School Belfer Center Gulfstream: Analysis from the Dubai Initative http://middleeastinthenews.wordpress.com/2011/01/15/tunisias-wikileaks-revolution/

N/A; Gulf Stream Blog 2011 When the People Rise Up: Egypt's Massive Protests and Their Unpredictable Outcomes Harvard Kennedy School Belfer Center Gulfstream: Analysis from the Dubai Initative http://middleeastinthenews.wordpress.com/2011/01/25/when-the-people-rise-up-egyptian-massive-protests-and-the-unpredictable-outcomes/

N/A; Gulf Stream Blog 2011 When the People Rise Up: When the People Rise Up: Lessons from Tunisia Harvard Kennedy School Belfer Center Gulfstream: Analysis from the Dubai Initative http://middleeastinthenews.wordpress.com/2011/01/25/when-the-people-rise-up-lessons-from-tunisia/

Spanish "Indignatos"/15M

Fuster Morell, M (2011) Video presentation: The Spanish Revolution & the Internet: From free culture to meta-politics http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/events/luncheon/2011/11/morell

Fuster Morell, M. & Subirats, J. (2012). Més enllà d'Internet com a eina "martell” - eina de la vella política: Cap un nou Policy Making?. Els casos del Moviment de Cultura Lliure i pel Procomú Digital i el 15M a Catalunya (Beyond the Internet as a tool "hammer" - tool of the old politics: Towards a New Policy Making?. Cases the Free Culture Movement and the digital commons and 15M in Catalonia). Research report. Institute de Govern i Politiques Publiques (UAB) per l'Escola d'Administracio Publica de Catalunya. (139 pages)

Postill, John. n.d. “Democracy in an age of viral reality,” unpublished manuscript submitted to special edition of Ethnography “Media Ethnography and Public Sphere Engagement,” edited by Debra Vidali and Thomas Tufte.

Taibo, Carlos. 2011. El 15-M en sesenta preguntas. Madrid: Los libros de la Catarata.

Toret, Javier (2011) Una mirada tecnopolítica sobre los primeros días del #15M .http://civilsc.net/node/14

Jornadas Seminario de “Comunicación y Sociedad Civil” de la UOC-IN3: http://civilsc.net/

Purmar, Victor (2012) Los indignados cumplen un año. El éxito tangible del 15M http://www.unitedexplanations.org/2012/03/21/los-indignados-cumplen-un-ano-el-exito-tangible-del-15m/

Occupy Wall Street

American Ethnologist's (AE) May 2012 issue (Volume 39, Issue 2) features three open-access articles on the Occupy movements (by Jeffrey Juris, Maple Razsa/Andrej Kurnik, and David Nugent). ***Photos, abstracts, and direct links to the articles are available on AE's website: http://www.americanethnologist.org Click on the Occupy article titles and you will be taken to the abstracts (and accompanying photos), and at the end of the abstracts you will find live open access links to the full article PDFs in the Wiley-Online Library. 1) Maple Razsa and Andrej Kurnik, "The Occupy Movement in Žižek’s hometown: Direct democracy and a politics of becoming". 2) Jeffrey S. Juris, "Reflections on #Occupy Everywhere: Social media, public space, and emerging logics of aggregation". 3) David Nugent, "Commentary: Democracy, temporalities of capitalism, and dilemmas of inclusion in Occupy movements"

Adbusters call to occupy wall street: www.adbusters.org/blogs/adbusters-blog/occupywallstreet.html (accessed October 24, 2011).

Costanza-Chock, Sasha (2012) Video presentation Media Culture in the Occupy Movement: http://vimeo.com/groups/occupyvideo/videos/37833652

Collins, Joan. 2012. "Theorizing Wisconsin's 2011 Protests." American Ethnologist 39(1): 1-15.

Collins, Randall. 2001. “Social movements and the focus of emotional attention.” In Passionate Politics, edited by Jeff Goodwin, James M. Jasper and Francesca Polletta, 27–44. Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press.

Hector R. Cordero-Guzman, "Main Stream Support for a Mainstream Movement, The 99% Movement Comes From and Looks Like the 99%, Profile of web traffic taken from occupywallstreet.org," October 19, 2011, http://occupywallst.org (accessed January 4, 2011).

Graeber, David. 2011. "On Playing By the Rules—The Strange Success of #OccupyWallStreet,"http://www.nakedcapitalism.com (accessed January 4, 2012).

Hardt, Michael and Antonio Negro. 2011. "The Fight for 'Real Democracy' at the Heart of Occupy Wall Street." - (October 11), www.foreignaffairs.com (accessed January 5, 2012).

Milan, Stefania. 2011. “Cloud protesting.” Blog posted on October 18, 2011. http://stefi.engagetv.com/node/103, accessed November 11, 2011.

Gamson, Bill. (2012) Cultural Outcomes of the Occupy Movement. December 30, 2011 [with changes added: January 2, 2012]

Rinke, Einke M. and Maria Röder. 2011. “Media ecologies, communication culture, and temporal-spatial unfolding.” International Journal of Communication 5: 1273-1285.

Costanza-Chock, Sasha 2010 [Dissertation] Se Ve, Se Siente: Transmedia Mobilization in the Los Angeles Immigrant Rights Movement USC Annenberg School of Communication 2010 Completed Dissertions http://annenberg.usc.edu/Research/Student/Dissertations/Completed10/Costanza-ChockS.aspx

Schradie, Jen. 2011. "Why Tents (Still) Matter for the Occupy Movement," www.commondreams.org (January 4, 2012).

Suresh, Fernando Occupy Vancouver Organizer on Dec 27, 2011Occupy My Soul by http://thenextedge.org/2011/12/occupy-my-soul/

Ruggero, E, Colin (2011). "Spirit of ’76: Occupy Philadelphia, Voicelessness, and the Challenge of Growing the Occupy Wall Street Movement" Deliberately Considered, November 2011. Blog post: [1]

Gamson, Bill. (2012) Boston College Cultural Outcomes of the Occupy Movement. December 30, 2011 [with changes added: January 2, 2012]

Blogs on OWS:

Meyer David's Blog: http://politicsoutdoors.com/tag/occupy/ and http://politicsoutdoors.com/tag/occupy-wall-street/;

The Center for the Study of Social Movements at the University of Notre Dame <http://cssm.nd.edu/>: http://mobilizingideas.wordpress.com/tag/occupy-movement/;

Foreign Affairs articles on OWS: http://www.foreignaffairs.com/node/133733.

Russia

By John Kelly, Vladimir Barash, Karina Alexanyan, Bruce Etling, Robert Faris, Urs Gasser, and John Palfrey “Mapping Russian Twitter” <http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/publications/2012/mapping_russian_twitter>

Comparison of several cases

Ancelovici, Marcos (2012) “Le mouvement Occupy et la question des inégalités: Ce que le slogan ‘Nous sommes les 99 %’ dit et ne dit pas.” In F. Dupuis-Déri, ed. Par dessus le marché! Rélexions critiques sur le capitalisme. Montreal: Écosociété. [2]

Rey, Pablo (2011) Gallery of different twitter-newspaper visualizations. http://numeroteca.org/cat/frontpage-newspaper/

Rey, Pablo (2011) Post: Analyzing newspapers’ front pages to interpret the Mainstream Media ecology. Researching the #15M, #Occupy movement and the Arab Spring. Interested in the relationship between Mainstream Media and social Media(Twitter): http://civic.mit.edu/blog/pablo/analyzing-newspapers-front-pages

Gamson, William A. (2012) Arab Spring, Israeli Summer, and the Process of Cognitive Liberation. Swiss Political Science Review. Special issue: http://dmmsclick.wiley.com/view.asp?m=0jcva5g0090vlet42smd&u=19087420&f=h

USA - SPAIN

Fuster Morell, M (2012) Blog post Report on OWS Forum on the commons: http://www.onlinecreation.info/?p=492

Theory

Aday, Sean, Harry Farrell, Marc Lynch, and John Sides 2010 Special Report: Advancing New Media Research United States Institute of Peace http://www.usip.org/publications/advancing-new-media-research

Aday, Sean, Harry Farrell, Marc Lynch, John Sides, John Kelly, & Ethan Zuckerman 2010 Blogs and Bullets: New Media in Contentious Politics United States Institute of Peace http://www.usip.org/publications/blogs-and-bullets-new-media-in-contentious-politics

Bajpai, Kartikeya and Anuj Jaiswal 2011 A Framework for Analyzing Collective Action Events on Twitter Proceedings of the 8th International ISCRAM Conference--Lisbon, Portugal, May 2011 www.iscramlive.org/ISCRAM2011/proceedings/papers/119.pdf

Benkler, Yochai 2006 (hardcover publication) The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms Markets and Freedom (see especially Chapter 7, "Political Freedom Part 2: Emergence of the Networked Public Sphere" Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial Sharealike License http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/wealth_of_networks/Main_Page#Reviews_and_Blogs

Castells, Manuel 2009 Communication Power Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University Press Book reviews are available at: http://mcs.sagepub.com/content/32/6/1043.full.pdf+html?rss=1 (published in the journal Media Culture Society) or http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/10584609.2010.517097 (published in the journal Political Communication)

Couldry, Nick, James Curran (eds.); W. Lance Bennett (author) 2003 Chapter 2: New Media Power: The Internet and Global Activism Contesting media power: alternative media in a networked world (book) http://depts.washington.edu/ccce/assets/documents/pdf/newmediapower.pdf

della Porta, Donatella Sidney Tarrow (eds). (2005) Transnational Protest and Global Activism, New York, Rowman and Littlefield.

della Porta, Donatella (ed.), 2009. Democracy in Social Movements, Houndsmill, Palgrave.

Diamond, Larry 2010 Liberation Technology Journal of Democracy 21(3):69-83 http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/journal_of_democracy/v021/21.3.diamond.html Earle, Lucy 2011 Literature Review on the Dynamics of Social Movements in Fragile and Conflict-Affected States Emerging Issues Research Service of the Governance and Social Development Resource Centre (GSDRC) www.gsdrc.org/docs/open/EIRS13.pdf

Edmond, Chris 2011 Information Manipulation, Coordination, and Regime Change The National Bureau of Economic Research http://www.nber.org/papers/w17395.pdf

Goldstone, Jack 2011 Understanding the Revolutions of 2011 Foreign Affairs http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/67694/jack-a-goldstone/understanding-the-revolutions-of-2011

Goldstone, Jack Ted Robert Gurr and Farrokh Moshiri, eds. 1991 [Book] Revolutions of the Late Twentieth Century Boulder: Westview Press, 1991 No eBook available

González-Bailón, "Sandra , Javier Borge-Holthoefer, Alejandro Rivero & Yamir Moreno" 2011 The Dynamics of Protest Recruitment through an Online Network Scientific Reports 1, Article number: 197, December 2011 http://www.nature.com/srep/2011/111215/srep00197/full/srep00197.html

Huntington, Samuel P. 1991 [Book] The Third Wave: Democratization in the Late Twentieth Century Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 1991 No eBook available

McAdam, D., Sidney Tarrow and Charles Tilly 2001 Dynamics of Contention New York, Cambridge University Press, 2001 http://site.ebrary.com.library.aucegypt.edu:2048/lib/aucairo/docDetail.action?docID=10005733

Meier, Patrick 2011 Chapter 2: From Evidence to Model in Do "Liberation Technologies" Change the Balance of Power Between Repressive Regimes and Civil Society? DRAFT DRAFT of Stanford University thesis http://irevolution.files.wordpress.com/2011/11/meier-dissertation-final.pdf

Mourtada, R. and Fadi Salem (2011) Produced by DSG’s Governance and Innovation Program and co-authored by Racha Mourtada and Fadi Salem 2011 Facebook Usage: Factors and Analysis Dubai School of Government, Arab Social Media Report, Vol. 1, Issue 1, Jan. 2011 http://www.dsg.ae/NEWSANDEVENTS/UpcomingEvents/ASMRHome.aspx

Mourtada, R. and Fadi Salem Produced by DSG’s Governance and Innovation Program and co-authored by Racha Mourtada and Fadi Salem 2011 Civil Movements: The Impact of Facebook and Twitter Dubai School of Government, Arab Social Media Report, Vol. 1, Issue 2, May 2011 http://www.dsg.ae/NEWSANDEVENTS/UpcomingEvents/ASMROverview2.aspx

Neumayer, Christina and Celina Raffl 2008 Facebook for Global Protest: The Potential and Limits of Social Software for Grassroots Activism Prato CIRN 2008 Community Infomatics Conference: ICTs for Social Inclusion: What is the Reality? Refereed Paper http://pep-forums.990086.n3.nabble.com/file/n2539001/2008-Neumayer-Raffl-Facebook_protest_FARC.pdf

Rhue, Lauren, Arun Sundararajan 2011 Digital Access, Political Networks and the Diffusion of Democracy SSRN, NYU Working Paper No. CEDER-11-03 http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1892669

Rinke, Eike M. and Maria Röder 2011 Media Ecologies, Communication Culture, and Temporal-Spatial Unfolding: Three Components in a Communication Model of the Egyptian Regime Change International Journal of Communication http://mkw.uni-mannheim.de/prof_dr_hartmut_wessler/eike_rinke/rinke_roeder/rinke_roeder.pdf

Robert Gurr, Ted 1970 Why Men Rebel Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1970 No eBook available

Ruth Kricheli, Yair Livne, and Beatriz Magaloni 2011 Taking to the Streets: Theory and Evidence on Protests under Authoritarianism Stanford University's Center on Development, Democracy, and the Rule of Law (CDDRL), Program on Poverty and Governance Project http://cddrl.stanford.edu/publications/taking_to_the_streets_theory_and_evidence_on_protests_under_authoritarianism/

Senger, Dustin (with Dr. Cynthia Suopis) 2010 Can Social Media Spread Democracy? A Review of Literature dustinsenger.com www.dustinsenger.com/publications/report/Social_Media_Democracy.pdf

Shehata, Dina 2011 The Fall of the Pharaoh Foreign Affairs http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/67687/dina-shehata/the-fall-of-the-pharaoh

Shirky, Clay 2008 Here comes everybody: the power of organizing without organizations New York, Penguin, 2008 http://books.google.com/books/about/Here_comes_everybody.html?id=mafZyckH_bAC

Spier, Shaked 2011 CollectiveAction 2.0: The Impact of ICT-Based Social Media on Collective Action – Difference in Degree or Difference in Kind? Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/master/spier-shaked-2011-08-15/PDF/spier.pdf

Zimbra, A. Abbasi, and H. Chen 2010 A Cyber-archaeology Approach to Social Movement Research: Framework and Case Study Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2010.01531.x/abstract


Blog posts theory:

Esfandiari, Golnaz 2010 The Twitter Devolution Foreign Policy June 7 2010 http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2010/06/07/the_twitter_revolution_that_wasnt

Gladwell, Malcolm and Clay Shirky 2011 From Innovation to Revolution: Do Social Media Make Protests Possible? Foreign Affairs http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/67325/malcolm-gladwell-and-clay-shirky/from-innovation-to-revolution

Shirky, Clay 2011 The Political Power of Social Media: Technology, the Public Sphere, and Political Change Foreign Affairs http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/67038/clay-shirky/the-political-power-of-social-media

Others

Bauwens, Michel 'Occupy' as a business model: The emerging open-source civilisation. The Occupy Wall Street movement is a model for a new economic paradigm, in which value is first created by communities. http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/2012/03/2012361233474499.html

Observatorio Metropolitano (Octubre 2011). Crisis y revolucion en Europa. Traficantes de suenyos: Madrid. (Spanish) http://traficantes.net/index.php/editorial/catalogo/otras/Crisis-y-revolucion-en-Europa This analysis by Observatorio Metropolitano (October 2011) links the social mobilizaions from northern Africa and Europe.

Occupy research resources:

Chinese Government Reaction to OWS by newmediadev2011 http://newmediadev2011.wikischolars.columbia.edu/Chinese+Government+Reaction+to+OWS

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