Yochai Benkler - Wealth of Networks - User contributions [en]

Summary Chapter 3

2007-06-21T23:59:06Z

Mhnin:

==Summary of the chapter==

===Overview===
===Free/Open Source Software===
===Peer Production of Information, Knowledge, and Culture Generally===
====Uttering Content====
====Relevance/Accreditation====
====Value-Added Distribution====
====Sharing of Processing, Storage, and Communications Platforms====

2. Some Basic Economics of Information Production and Innovation

2007-06-21T23:56:15Z

Mhnin:

↑ [[Table of Contents]]<br />
← [[Part One|Part One: Overview]] | [[3. Peer Production and Sharing|Chapter 3]] →

== Content ==

* [http://www.benkler.org/Benkler_Wealth_Of_Networks_Chapter_2.pdf Full text (PDF)]
* [[Sentence-sliced Text Chapter 2|Full text, sentence-sliced (wiki)]]
* [[Summary Chapter 2|Summary (wiki)]]

== Summary ==

Information is nonrivalrous (we can both use it at the same time). It is also circular in that it is both input and output to its own production -- building a table requires wood, writing a paper requires other papers. Copyright laws are justified as making information rivalrous and thus creating a market for it but are constrained so that later the result can be used in the circular production process. But how is producing information actually motivated?

Strategies of producers fall along two axes: benefit maximization (using exclusive rights to make money, using nonexclusive rights to make money, using nonexclusive rights to get non-monetary benefits) and cost minimization (using public domain information, using purchased/owned information, and using privately shared information). This results in nine production strategies. Each strategy receives different inefficiencies from copyright law, so a law's effects depend on which strategies are used. But which strategies get used depends on the law.

Which strategies are used also depends on the technology. New technology has made nonmarket strategies more practical, but incumbent firms want to protect their own models by strengthening copyright laws.

==Sources==
===Sources cited in the chapter===
===Other relevant readings===

==Case Studies==
===Supporting examples===
From page 120-121

""As it turns out, repeated survey studies since 1981 have shown that in all
industrial sectors except for very few—most notably pharmaceuticals—firm
managers do not see patents as the most important way they capture the
benefits of their research and developments. They rank the advantages that
strong research and development gives them in lowering the cost or improving
the quality of manufacture, being the '''first in the market''', or developing
'''strong marketing relationships''' as more important than patents."

(emphasis on their strong relevance to Open Source bazaars - [[User:Red1|Red1]])

In the case of Open Source the author gave the example of how IBM spends millions on it to gain other benefits of savings here, but the criteria above of branding and strong market gains are ever more relevant. So much so, erroneusly learning from Linux, many copycat projects are exploitatively trying to ride on ''planting the flag on the mountain'', and what they put out even though open, are more of 'market positioning' ploys. A September 2006 case is [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compiere Compiere ]been a premier OS player in the Small Medium Business sector, but adopts a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Cathedral_and_the_Bazaar ''Cathedral''] approach instead. They soon lost the branding advantage to [http://www.adempiere.com/wiki/index.php/Media_Coverage ADempiere] been obediently true ''peer-based community'' Compiere fork which proves the author's basis in this chapter. The ''wealth of networking'' by the community members quickly obliterate whatever [https://sourceforge.net/project/stats/?group_id=176962&ugn=adempiere advantage] Compiere had prior to it going after some funding - the matador's cloth of many OSS ploys. As another more recent case of [http://opensourceculture.blogspot.com/2006/11/yes-i-know.html Redhat vs Oracle] shows, such ''ploys'' are beginning to show its slip.
By such account, other pro-monetary projects such as MySpace, Google, YouTube may suffer the same threats as Netscape, Yahoo! and Hotmail has. [http://www.adempiere.org ADempiere] and another similar [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mambo_(CMS) OSS] fork, [http://www.joomla.org/ Joomla!] are living proofs that OSS can stay rich for all its members without funding, and in perpetual mode.

===Counter-examples===

==Key Concepts==

'''Non-rival''' (36)

'''Standing-on-the-shoulders-of-giants Effect''' (37)

'''Input/Output Circularity (see Standing-on-the-shoulders-of-giants Effect)
'''

3. Peer Production and Sharing

2007-06-21T23:50:14Z

Mhnin:

↑ [[Table of Contents]]<br />
← [[2. Some Basic Economics of Information Production and Innovation|Chapter 2]] | [[4. The Economics of Social Production|Chapter 4]] →

== Content ==

* [http://www.benkler.org/Benkler_Wealth_Of_Networks_Chapter_3.pdf Full text (PDF)]
* [[Sentence-sliced Text Chapter 3|Full text, sentence-sliced (wiki)]]
* [[Summary Chapter 3|Summary (wiki)]]
* [[Commentary Chapter 3|Commentary (wiki)]]

==Summary==
It is not intuitive that thousands of volunteers could beat big companies. Yet they do.

Coase argues that corporations exist because the transaction costs of using the market are too high. Yet GNU/Linux, Apache, Perl and others use neither markets nor hierarchies.

I call this commons-based peer production. Commons (as opposed to property) because no one person controls how the resource is used, they are either open to the public or a defined group. Peer production because it is done through self-selected, decentralized individual action.

Examples: Free software, NASA Clickworkers, Wikipedia, Second Life.

Relevance and accredditation technology can ensure the results are good: Open Directory Project, Slashdot (karma).

Distribution tech too: Project Gutenberg.

Sharing tech: SETI@Home, Napster

==Sources==
===Sources cited in the chapter===
===Other relevant readings===
==Case Studies==
===Supporting examples===
; [http://www.mturk.com/mturk/welcome Amazon Mechanical Turk] : Could be considered micro-outsourcing, allows API access to human effort. ''Also see [http://feeds.feedburner.com/Turkwatch Turkwatch] for an overview of recent MTurk projects''

===Counter-examples===

===Indeterminate Examples (in progress)===
; [http://mycroftnetwork.com Mycroft] : UCB iSchool research project, a generalization of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clickworkers ClickWorkers] by utilizing a few seconds of web surfer's abilities to collaboratively solve large problems, without leaving the page. Currently focusing on Wikipedia image tagging and [http://www.gutenberg.org/ Project Gutenberg].

==Key Concepts==

Main Page

2007-06-21T23:04:56Z

Mhnin:

This Wiki is an invitation to collaborate on building a learning and research environment based on Yochai Benkler's book, ''The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms Markets and Freedom'', available under a
[http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial Sharealike] license.

== Read the book==

''in different formats:''
* [[Table of Contents|Wiki]]: summaries, commentary, downloads
* [[Download PDFs of the book|PDF]] - in the original book format or in a paper-friendly version
* [http://www.congo-education.net/wealth-of-networks HTML] - formatted in separate chapters, in an easier-to-read format
* [http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/the_wealth_of_networks.yochai_benkler/sisu_manifest.html Searchable version available in multiple formats] ( [http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/the_wealth_of_networks.yochai_benkler/toc.html html], XML, opendocument [http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/the_wealth_of_networks.yochai_benkler/opendocument.odt ODF], pdf ([http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/the_wealth_of_networks.yochai_benkler/landscape.pdf landscape], [http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/the_wealth_of_networks.yochai_benkler/portrait.pdf portrait]), [http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/the_wealth_of_networks.yochai_benkler/plain.txt plaintext], [http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/the_wealth_of_networks.yochai_benkler/concordance.html concordance ] ), SiSU
* [[Remixes]]
* Hardcopy: [http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0300110561/sr=8-1/qid=1140626021/ref=pd_bbs_1/104-8246423-0950353?%5Fencoding=UTF8 from Amazon] or [http://yalepress.yale.edu/yupbooks/book.asp?isbn=0300110561 from Yale Press]or [http://worldcat.org/oclc/61881089 Find it in a library]
* [[Translations]]

== Reviews and Blogs ==

* ''[http://www.lessig.org/blog/archives/003368.shtml Lessig blog],'' by Lawrence Lessig, 15Apr06.
* ''[http://www.ft.com/cms/s/2dd72ff4-0cbb-11db-84fd-0000779e2340.html Financial Times],'' Net Gains, by Paul Miller, 07Jul06.
* ''[http://business.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,9075-2266603,00.html Times Online],'' Netizens Awake, by Paul Duguid, 07Jul06.
* ''[http://www.roughtype.com/archives/2006/07/jason_calacanis.php Rough Type],'' Calacanis's wallet and the Web 2.0 dream, by Nicholas Carr, 19Jul06. See also ''[http://www.roughtype.com/archives/2006/07/benkler_on_cala.php Benkler's reply],'' 28Jul06.
* ''[http://www.newstatesman.com/200609040057 New Statesman],'' Power to the People, by Kenneth Cukier, 04Sep06.
* ''[http://www.germanlawjournal.com/article.php?id=765 German Law Journal],'' by James Brink, 01Oct06.
* ''[http://www.publicknowledge.org/node/669 Public Knowledge],'' by Gigi Sohn, 03Oct06.''
* ''[http://pmat.ciph.free.fr/breve.php3?id_breve=21 Rue Descartes],'' by Thierry Leterre, Feb07 (French journal edited by the ''[http://www.ciph.org/ Collège international de philosophie]'').

== Discussions ==

* [http://crookedtimber.org/2006/05/30/introduction-the-wealth-of-networks-seminar/ Crooked Timber] (Net-seminar)

== Interviews ==

* ''[http://www.openbusiness.cc/2006/04/24/the-wealth-of-networks OpenBusiness]''
* ''[http://www.opendemocracy.net/media-copyrightlaw/benkler_3487.jsp OpenDemocracy]''
* ''[http://zero.newassignment.net/filed/yochai_benkler Assignment Zero]''
* Video interview @ Wizards of OS 4: question [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QR1Vizvecsw 1], [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Dg9pDny99E 2], [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m_c_pRSFs34 3], & [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nxQEOniepWc 4]. September 14, 2006.

== Video Resources==

* [http://www.scribemedia.org/2007/03/19/yochai-benkler/ Yochai Benkler @ Freedom to Connect, March 2007]
* [http://pdf.blip.tv/file/237315/ Yochai Benkler @ Personal Democracy Forum, 2007]
* [http://www.archive.org/details/YochaiBenkler Yochai Benkler @ the Center for American Progress, May 31, 2006]

== Audio Resources==

* [http://dream.sims.berkeley.edu/~jhall/Yochai_Benkler_Boalt_27Apr2006.mp3 Yochai Benkler @ Boalt Hall (Berkeley School of Law), April 2006]

== Using this wiki ==

The basic idea is to make this Wiki a place for at least five things:

# Collaborate on writing a summary of the ideas and claims of the book (see [[Table of Contents]])
# Collaborate on writing commentaries and elaborating and refining the presentation
# Provide an easy platform through which to access underlying research materials:
#* those used in the book's notes
#* and resources that are useful for further research, refinement, and updating
# Describe, link to, and analyze examples of the phenomena the book describes
#* The purpose is not to “make the case” for the book or find “gotcha” counter examples. What we are trying to do is provide a real research tool, annotated bibliography, and platform for collaborative learning. Examples and counter-examples should be selected and described with that purpose in mind.
# Demonstrate and discover what is valuable in a learning platform
#* Through separate pages devoted to ideas and experiments of what can be done with an online book to make it a learning platform, we hope to expand the range of uses to which this Wiki can be available.
#* Through creative, systematic and interactive uses of this wiki, we hope to enhance our individual and collective skills & experience in a wiki world

=== Growing this Wiki ===

* [[Growing this Wiki]]: Ideas for how to help the wiki grow and be useful

=== A Wiki User's Guide ===

See the [http://meta.wikipedia.org/wiki/MediaWiki_User%27s_Guide User's Guide] for usage and configuration help.

Please use the [[Sandbox]] for experiments and to get acquainted with this wiki.

{{Footer}}

Main Page

2007-06-21T21:01:10Z

Mhnin:

This Wiki is an invitation to collaborate on building a learning and research environment based on Yochai Benkler's book, ''The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms Markets and Freedom'', available under a
[http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial Sharealike] license.

== Read the book==

''in different formats:''
* [[Table of Contents|Wiki]]: summaries, commentary, downloads
* [[Download PDFs of the book|PDF]] - in the original book format or in a paper-friendly version
* [http://www.congo-education.net/wealth-of-networks HTML] - formatted in separate chapters, in an easier-to-read format
* [http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/the_wealth_of_networks.yochai_benkler/sisu_manifest.html Searchable version available in multiple formats] ( [http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/the_wealth_of_networks.yochai_benkler/toc.html html], XML, opendocument [http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/the_wealth_of_networks.yochai_benkler/opendocument.odt ODF], pdf ([http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/the_wealth_of_networks.yochai_benkler/landscape.pdf landscape], [http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/the_wealth_of_networks.yochai_benkler/portrait.pdf portrait]), [http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/the_wealth_of_networks.yochai_benkler/plain.txt plaintext], [http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/the_wealth_of_networks.yochai_benkler/concordance.html concordance ] ), SiSU
* [[Remixes]]
* Hardcopy: [http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0300110561/sr=8-1/qid=1140626021/ref=pd_bbs_1/104-8246423-0950353?%5Fencoding=UTF8 from Amazon] or [http://yalepress.yale.edu/yupbooks/book.asp?isbn=0300110561 from Yale Press]or [http://worldcat.org/oclc/61881089 Find it in a library]
* [[Translations]]

== Reviews and Blogs ==

* ''[http://www.lessig.org/blog/archives/003368.shtml Lessig blog],'' by Lawrence Lessig, 15Apr06.
* ''[http://www.ft.com/cms/s/2dd72ff4-0cbb-11db-84fd-0000779e2340.html Financial Times],'' Net Gains, by Paul Miller, 07Jul06.
* ''[http://business.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,9075-2266603,00.html Times Online],'' Netizens Awake, by Paul Duguid, 07Jul06.
* ''[http://www.roughtype.com/archives/2006/07/jason_calacanis.php Rough Type],'' Calacanis's wallet and the Web 2.0 dream, by Nicholas Carr, 19Jul06. See also ''[http://www.roughtype.com/archives/2006/07/benkler_on_cala.php Benkler's reply],'' 28Jul06.
* ''[http://www.newstatesman.com/200609040057 New Statesman],'' Power to the People, by Kenneth Cukier, 04Sep06.
* ''[http://www.germanlawjournal.com/article.php?id=765 German Law Journal],'' by James Brink, 01Oct06.
* ''[http://www.publicknowledge.org/node/669 Public Knowledge],'' by Gigi Sohn, 03Oct06.''
* ''[http://pmat.ciph.free.fr/breve.php3?id_breve=21 Rue Descartes],'' by Thierry Leterre, Feb07 (French journal edited by the ''[http://www.ciph.org/ Collège international de philosophie]'').

== Discussions ==

* [http://crookedtimber.org/2006/05/30/introduction-the-wealth-of-networks-seminar/ Crooked Timber] (Net-seminar)

== Interviews ==

* ''[http://www.openbusiness.cc/2006/04/24/the-wealth-of-networks OpenBusiness]''
* ''[http://www.opendemocracy.net/media-copyrightlaw/benkler_3487.jsp OpenDemocracy]''
* ''[http://zero.newassignment.net/filed/yochai_benkler Assignment Zero]''
* Video interview @ Wizards of OS 4: question [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Dg9pDny99E 1], [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m_c_pRSFs34 2], [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nxQEOniepWc 3], & [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QR1Vizvecsw 4]. September 14, 2006.

== Video Resources==

* [http://www.scribemedia.org/2007/03/19/yochai-benkler/ Yochai Benkler @ Freedom to Connect, March 2007]
* [http://pdf.blip.tv/file/237315/ Yochai Benkler @ Personal Democracy Forum, 2007]
* [http://www.archive.org/details/YochaiBenkler Yochai Benkler @ the Center for American Progress, May 31, 2006]

== Audio Resources==

* [http://dream.sims.berkeley.edu/~jhall/Yochai_Benkler_Boalt_27Apr2006.mp3 Yochai Benkler @ Boalt Hall (Berkeley School of Law), April 2006]

== Using this wiki ==

The basic idea is to make this Wiki a place for at least five things:

# Collaborate on writing a summary of the ideas and claims of the book (see [[Table of Contents]])
# Collaborate on writing commentaries and elaborating and refining the presentation
# Provide an easy platform through which to access underlying research materials:
#* those used in the book's notes
#* and resources that are useful for further research, refinement, and updating
# Describe, link to, and analyze examples of the phenomena the book describes
#* The purpose is not to “make the case” for the book or find “gotcha” counter examples. What we are trying to do is provide a real research tool, annotated bibliography, and platform for collaborative learning. Examples and counter-examples should be selected and described with that purpose in mind.
# Demonstrate and discover what is valuable in a learning platform
#* Through separate pages devoted to ideas and experiments of what can be done with an online book to make it a learning platform, we hope to expand the range of uses to which this Wiki can be available.
#* Through creative, systematic and interactive uses of this wiki, we hope to enhance our individual and collective skills & experience in a wiki world

=== Growing this Wiki ===

* [[Growing this Wiki]]: Ideas for how to help the wiki grow and be useful

=== A Wiki User's Guide ===

See the [http://meta.wikipedia.org/wiki/MediaWiki_User%27s_Guide User's Guide] for usage and configuration help.

Please use the [[Sandbox]] for experiments and to get acquainted with this wiki.

{{Footer}}

Remixes

2007-06-20T07:17:23Z

Mhnin:

====This book is available under a [http://creativecommons.org Creative Commons] [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ Attribution-Noncommercial-ShareAlike] license. Here's a list of projects building upon that freedom to make useful remixes.====

HTML Remix

* [http://libreria.sourceforge.net/library/The_Wealth_of_Networks/contents.html LIBREria.org ]
* [http://outsidethemarket.info Outside the Market: The Rise of Peer Production]
* [http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/the_wealth_of_networks.yochai_benkler/toc.html SiSU]

PDF Remix

* SiSU [http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/the_wealth_of_networks.yochai_benkler/portrait.pdf portrait], [http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/the_wealth_of_networks.yochai_benkler/landscape.pdf landscape]

Multiple Formats

* [http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/the_wealth_of_networks.yochai_benkler/sisu_manifest.html SiSU] ( [http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/the_wealth_of_networks.yochai_benkler/toc.html html], XML, opendocument [http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/the_wealth_of_networks.yochai_benkler/opendocument.odt ODF], pdf ([http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/the_wealth_of_networks.yochai_benkler/landscape.pdf landscape], [http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/the_wealth_of_networks.yochai_benkler/portrait.pdf portrait]), [http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/the_wealth_of_networks.yochai_benkler/plain.txt plaintext], [http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/the_wealth_of_networks.yochai_benkler/concordance.html concordance ] )

Searchable

* [http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/the_wealth_of_networks.yochai_benkler/sisu_manifest.html SiSU] [http://www.jus.uio.no/sisu/the_wealth_of_networks.yochai_benkler/toc.html html]

Digitally-voiced audio

* [http://www.babblebooks.com/podcasts/WealthOfNetworks Babblebooks.com ]

Narration of Chapter 3

* [http://www.americanaphonic.com/pages/WealthNetworks.html Americana Phonic]

Narration of entire book

* [http://www.archive.org/details/wealthofnetworks Mike Benedetti]

TiddlyWiki Outline

* [http://wealthofnetworks.tiddlyspot.com/ Wealth of Networks @ TiddlySpot]

Remixes

2007-06-20T07:16:09Z

Mhnin:

3. Peer Production and Sharing

2007-06-19T06:25:59Z

Mhnin:

↑ [[Table of Contents]]<br />
← [[2. Some Basic Economics of Information Production and Innovation|Chapter 2]] | [[4. The Economics of Social Production|Chapter 4]] →

== Content ==

* [http://www.benkler.org/Benkler_Wealth_Of_Networks_Chapter_3.pdf Full text (PDF)]
* [[Sentence-sliced Text Chapter 3|Full text, sentence-sliced (wiki)]]
* [[Summary Chapter 2|Summary (wiki)]]
* [[Commentary Chapter 3|Commentary (wiki)]]

==Summary==
It is not intuitive that thousands of volunteers could beat big companies. Yet they do.

Coase argues that corporations exist because the transaction costs of using the market are too high. Yet GNU/Linux, Apache, Perl and others use neither markets nor hierarchies.

I call this commons-based peer production. Commons (as opposed to property) because no one person controls how the resource is used, they are either open to the public or a defined group. Peer production because it is done through self-selected, decentralized individual action.

Examples: Free software, NASA Clickworkers, Wikipedia, Second Life.

Relevance and accredditation technology can ensure the results are good: Open Directory Project, Slashdot (karma).

Distribution tech too: Project Gutenberg.

Sharing tech: SETI@Home, Napster

==Sources==
===Sources cited in the chapter===
===Other relevant readings===
==Case Studies==
===Supporting examples===
; [http://www.mturk.com/mturk/welcome Amazon Mechanical Turk] : Could be considered micro-outsourcing, allows API access to human effort. ''Also see [http://feeds.feedburner.com/Turkwatch Turkwatch] for an overview of recent MTurk projects''

===Counter-examples===

===Indeterminate Examples (in progress)===
; [http://mycroftnetwork.com Mycroft] : UCB iSchool research project, a generalization of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clickworkers ClickWorkers] by utilizing a few seconds of web surfer's abilities to collaboratively solve large problems, without leaving the page. Currently focusing on Wikipedia image tagging and [http://www.gutenberg.org/ Project Gutenberg].

==Key Concepts==

3. Peer Production and Sharing

2007-06-19T06:24:04Z

Mhnin:

↑ [[Table of Contents]]<br />
← [[2. Some Basic Economics of Information Production and Innovation|Chapter 2]] | [[4. The Economics of Social Production|Chapter 4]] →

== Content ==

* [http://www.benkler.org/Benkler_Wealth_Of_Networks_Chapter_3.pdf Full text (PDF)]
* [[Sentence-sliced Text Chapter 3|Full text, sentence-sliced (wiki)]]
* [[Commentary Chapter 3|Commentary (wiki)]]

==Summary==
It is not intuitive that thousands of volunteers could beat big companies. Yet they do.

Coase argues that corporations exist because the transaction costs of using the market are too high. Yet GNU/Linux, Apache, Perl and others use neither markets nor hierarchies.

I call this commons-based peer production. Commons (as opposed to property) because no one person controls how the resource is used, they are either open to the public or a defined group. Peer production because it is done through self-selected, decentralized individual action.

Examples: Free software, NASA Clickworkers, Wikipedia, Second Life.

Relevance and accredditation technology can ensure the results are good: Open Directory Project, Slashdot (karma).

Distribution tech too: Project Gutenberg.

Sharing tech: SETI@Home, Napster

==Sources==
===Sources cited in the chapter===
===Other relevant readings===
==Case Studies==
===Supporting examples===
; [http://www.mturk.com/mturk/welcome Amazon Mechanical Turk] : Could be considered micro-outsourcing, allows API access to human effort. ''Also see [http://feeds.feedburner.com/Turkwatch Turkwatch] for an overview of recent MTurk projects''

===Counter-examples===

===Indeterminate Examples (in progress)===
; [http://mycroftnetwork.com Mycroft] : UCB iSchool research project, a generalization of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clickworkers ClickWorkers] by utilizing a few seconds of web surfer's abilities to collaboratively solve large problems, without leaving the page. Currently focusing on Wikipedia image tagging and [http://www.gutenberg.org/ Project Gutenberg].

==Key Concepts==