Table 9.2

Table 9.2: Selected University Gross Revenues and Patent Licensing Revenues

	Total	Licensing and Royalties		Government Grants & Contracts
	Revenues
	(millions $)	(millions $)	% of total	(millions $)	% of total
All universities	$227,000	$1,270	0.56%	$31,430	13.85%
Columbia University	$2,074	$178.4 $100-120a	8.6% 4.9-5.9%	$532	25.65%
University of California	$14,166	$81.3 $55 (net)b	0.57% 0.39%	$2,372	16.74%
Stanford University	$3,475	$43.3 $36.8c	1.25% 1.06%	$860	24.75%
Florida State	$2,646	$35.6	1.35%	$238	8.99%
University of Wisconsin-Madison	$1,696	$32	1.89%	$417.4	24.61%
University of Minnesota	$1,237	$38.7	3.12%	$323.5	26.15%
Harvard	$2,473	$47.9	1.94%	$416 $548.7d	16.82% 22.19%
Cal Tech	$531	$26.7e $15.7f	5.02% 2.95%	$268	50.47%
Sources: Aggregate revenues: U.S. Dept. of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Enrollment in Postsecondary Institutions, Fall 2001, and Financial Statistics, Fiscal Year 2001 (2003), Table F; Association of University Technology Management, Annual Survey Summary FY 2002 (AUTM 2003), Table S-12. Individual institutions: publicly available annual reports of each university and/or its technology transfer office for FY 2003. Notes: Large ambiguity results because technology transfer office reports increased revenues for year-end 2003 as $178M without reporting expenses; University Annual Report reports licensing revenue with all "revenue from other educational and research activities," and reports a 10 percent decline in this category, "reflecting an anticipated decline in royalty and license income" from the $133M for the previous year-end, 2002. The table reflects an assumed net contribution to university revenues between $100-120M (the entire decline in the category due to royalty/royalties decreased proportionately with the category). University of California Annual Report of the Office of Technology Transfer is more transparent than most in providing expenses-both net legal expenses and tech transfer direct operating expenses, which allows a clear separation of net revenues from technology transfer activities. Minus direct expenses, not including expenses for unlicensed inventions. Federal- and nonfederal-sponsored research. Almost half of this amount is in income from a single Initial Public Offering, and therefore does not represent a recurring source of licensing revenue. Technology transfer gross revenue minus the one-time event of an initial public offering of LiquidMetal Technologies.