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==Media Re:public Manifesto==
==Media Re:public Manifesto==


In the United States, which relies more than any country in the world on for-profit businesses to meet its needs for news and information, the crisis created for traditional US news media by the Internet represents a growing threat to the ideal of a democratic public sphere. Financial pressures on traditional media, especially general interest newspapers, has led to their failure to adequately serve the information needs of their audiences. Specifically, traditional media outlets are:
In the United States, which relies more than any country in the world on for-profit businesses to meet its needs for news and information, the crisis created for traditional US news media by the Internet represents a growing threat to the ideal of a democratic public sphere. Financial pressures on traditional media, especially general interest newspapers, has led to their failure to adequately serve the information needs of their audiences. Specifically, traditional media outlets are failing:


* failing to educate citizens on '''the world outside the US''', in a time of increasing globalization
* to educate citizens on '''the world outside the US''', in a time of increasing globalization
* cutting back on '''investigative journalism and other in-depth reporting''', neglecting their role as watchdog
* in their role as watchdog, as they cut back on '''investigative journalism and other in-depth reporting'''
* ignoring '''serious social policy issues''' like education, gun control, poverty, etc.
* to cover '''serious social policy issues''' like education, gun control, poverty, etc.
* reducing reporting resources to the point where they can no longer guarantee that they will provide '''comprehensive coverage of local issues and events
* to guarantee '''comprehensive coverage of local issues and events''' as reporting resources are cut to the bare minimum
'''
Meanwhile, a decade of explosive growth in online media, both amateur and professional, has produced an abundance of alternatives to traditional media sources. While there is much to celebrate and more research to be done, there is increasing evidence that across the spectrum of topics and communities '''blogs, community news sites, citizen journalism aggregators and professionally staffed online-only media are not filling all the gaps''' left by the changes in traditional media structures:


* community news sites turn out to be less responsive and open to the public than expected, and both individual sites and aggregators focused on citizen journalism are falling short of their own targets for original reporting  
Meanwhile, a decade of explosive growth in online media, both amateur and professional, has produced an abundance of alternatives to traditional media sources. While there is much to celebrate and more to be learned about the efforts, there is increasing evidence that across the spectrum of topics and communities '''blogs, community news sites, citizen journalism aggregators and professionally staffed online-only media are not filling all the gaps''' left by the changes in traditional media structures:
* the overwhelming majority of online media sites are based on organizational and editorial models that are inherently incapable of addressing the specific tasks of international reporting, in-depth journalism and comprehensive coverage;
 
* commercial sites that potentially have the structure to take on bigger projects are mostly not doing so - they face the same limitations of online advertising to support extensive professional reporting staffs as traditional media; and
* community news sites turn out to be '''less responsive to the public than expected''', and both individual sites and aggregators focused on citizen journalism are falling short of their own targets for original reporting  
* both the volunteer energy and the commercial money fueling new media outlets is overwhelmingly skewed towards coverage of politics and technology, leaving numerous issues, geographic areas and populations all but ignored.
* the overwhelming majority of online media sites are based on organizational and editorial models that are '''structurally unable to address the most needed tasks''': international reporting, in-depth journalism and comprehensive coverage;
* '''commercial online media are not rising to the challenge'''; they face the same limitations of online advertising to support extensive professional reporting staffs as traditional media; and
* both the volunteer energy and the commercial money fueling new media outlets is overwhelmingly skewed towards coverage of politics and technology, leaving '''numerous issues, geographic areas and populations all but ignored'''.


Many well-intentioned projects to address these problems are limited in their potential from the start. Media Re:public has identified the following characteristics that most often result in projects that do not adequately identify and serve the needs of a defined audience:
Many well-intentioned projects to address these problems are limited in their potential from the start. Media Re:public has identified the following characteristics that most often result in projects that do not adequately identify and serve the needs of a defined audience:
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New and emerging digital media technologies have enormous potential to create a news and information environment that provides the accurate, balanced and complete information we expect from the news media and much more. But we know enough now about the tendencies of the current traditional and altits efforts on projects that aim to support the creation of quality content not available from other sources while observing the following principles:
New and emerging digital media technologies have enormous potential to create a news and information environment that provides the accurate, balanced and complete information we expect from the news media and much more. But we know enough now about the tendencies of the current traditional and altits efforts on projects that aim to support the creation of quality content not available from other sources while observing the following principles:


* understanding and meeting the needs of the target public(s) must drive all aspects of program design and implementation
* understanding and '''meeting the needs of the target public(s) is paramount'''; it must drive all aspects of program design and implementation
* engaging relevant civil society and community organizations and media entities to avoid duplication and draw on existing expertise is essential, even if it requires persistent efforts to achieve
* engaging relevant civil society and community organizations and media entities to '''avoid duplication and draw on existing expertise''' is essential, even if it requires persistent efforts to achieve
* ensuring that the multiple roles of the traditional editor are taken into account is critical
* the multiple '''roles of the traditional editor''' need to be fulfilled in some way is critical
* cross-disciplinary collaboration and the desire to learn new skills are key to success in the networked environment
* '''cross-disciplinary collaboration''' and the desire to learn new skills are key to success in the networked environment
* taking non-US experience into account and actively collaborating with non-US partners if appropriate is valuable
* drawing on '''non-US experience''' and actively collaborating with non-US partners if appropriate is vital


In addition to supporting original content creation, there are some system-wide types of intervention that deserve attention as well. These would aim to:
In addition to supporting original content creation, there are some system-wide types of intervention that deserve attention as well. These would aim to:

Revision as of 15:13, 11 June 2008

Summer Portal • Manifesto• Report Outline • Side Stories • Glossary
Guiding Doc • Case study format • Rejected text

Media Re:public Manifesto

In the United States, which relies more than any country in the world on for-profit businesses to meet its needs for news and information, the crisis created for traditional US news media by the Internet represents a growing threat to the ideal of a democratic public sphere. Financial pressures on traditional media, especially general interest newspapers, has led to their failure to adequately serve the information needs of their audiences. Specifically, traditional media outlets are failing:

  • to educate citizens on the world outside the US, in a time of increasing globalization
  • in their role as watchdog, as they cut back on investigative journalism and other in-depth reporting
  • to cover serious social policy issues like education, gun control, poverty, etc.
  • to guarantee comprehensive coverage of local issues and events as reporting resources are cut to the bare minimum

Meanwhile, a decade of explosive growth in online media, both amateur and professional, has produced an abundance of alternatives to traditional media sources. While there is much to celebrate and more to be learned about the efforts, there is increasing evidence that across the spectrum of topics and communities blogs, community news sites, citizen journalism aggregators and professionally staffed online-only media are not filling all the gaps left by the changes in traditional media structures:

  • community news sites turn out to be less responsive to the public than expected, and both individual sites and aggregators focused on citizen journalism are falling short of their own targets for original reporting
  • the overwhelming majority of online media sites are based on organizational and editorial models that are structurally unable to address the most needed tasks: international reporting, in-depth journalism and comprehensive coverage;
  • commercial online media are not rising to the challenge; they face the same limitations of online advertising to support extensive professional reporting staffs as traditional media; and
  • both the volunteer energy and the commercial money fueling new media outlets is overwhelmingly skewed towards coverage of politics and technology, leaving numerous issues, geographic areas and populations all but ignored.

Many well-intentioned projects to address these problems are limited in their potential from the start. Media Re:public has identified the following characteristics that most often result in projects that do not adequately identify and serve the needs of a defined audience:

  • over-dependent on the inspiration and expertise of a single person or very small homogenous group
  • primarily driven by the interests or needs of the content producer(s) rather than the value of the resulting product to the audience
  • failing to acknowledge existing media (traditional or new) working in the same niche
  • defining success primarily by audience size and/or advertising revenue
  • not designed to take advantage of the best available technology, too dependent on a rigid technological model, or not structured to incorporate emerging technologies as they become available
  • unrealistic expectations of growth of audience, contributors, or both and inadequate evaluation systems
  • mismatched skill sets: most journalists are neither managers nor technologists, not everyone who is passionate about an issue is a good communicator, etc.

New and emerging digital media technologies have enormous potential to create a news and information environment that provides the accurate, balanced and complete information we expect from the news media and much more. But we know enough now about the tendencies of the current traditional and altits efforts on projects that aim to support the creation of quality content not available from other sources while observing the following principles:

  • understanding and meeting the needs of the target public(s) is paramount; it must drive all aspects of program design and implementation
  • engaging relevant civil society and community organizations and media entities to avoid duplication and draw on existing expertise is essential, even if it requires persistent efforts to achieve
  • the multiple roles of the traditional editor need to be fulfilled in some way is critical
  • cross-disciplinary collaboration and the desire to learn new skills are key to success in the networked environment
  • drawing on non-US experience and actively collaborating with non-US partners if appropriate is vital

In addition to supporting original content creation, there are some system-wide types of intervention that deserve attention as well. These would aim to:

  • address credibility issues by helping the public become more sophisticated and active consumers of news, including the vast majority who will remain essentially passive;
  • bridge the gaps between US and international experience, through joint projects, collaborative research, and projects that facilitate the sharing of content on both individual and institutional levels
  • support civil society organizations' use of new media in ways that promote not only advocacy but also independent reporting
  • seek cost-effective ways to enable professional journalists to use new technologies more effectively in their work
  • create new mechanisms to fund high-quality content that are available to all, rather than pushing journalists to be entrepreneurs
  • provide support networks that help small media entities work as effectively as large institutions, providing access to services such as training, legal support, insurance, and technical and editorial supportenhance the ability of existing through
  • support efforts within and without the existing public broadcasting system to push public media to exhibit leadership in meeting the digital challenge with a commitment to innovation, openness and rigorously monitored experimentation
  • Encourage both US and international collaboration and coordination on academic research in multiple disciplines, to promote work that builds on previously collected data


These conclusions and recommendations are addressed in more detail in the remainder of the paper.

Your humble servants at Media Re:public