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		<id>https://cyber.harvard.edu/cx/?title=Examination_of_the_WPPT&amp;diff=1707&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Tfisher at 13:08, 25 August 2009</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://cyber.harvard.edu/cx/?title=Examination_of_the_WPPT&amp;diff=1707&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2009-08-25T13:08:08Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 13:08, 25 August 2009&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;WIPO &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Performance &lt;/del&gt;and Phonograms Treaty: &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;hyperlinked contribution&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;The &lt;/ins&gt;WIPO &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Performances &lt;/ins&gt;and Phonograms Treaty &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;(WPPT) was signed by the member states of the [http&lt;/ins&gt;:&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Intellectual_Property_Organization/ World Intellectual Property Organization] in order to regulate intellectual property rights of performers and of producers of &quot;phonograms,&quot; by which is meant means of sound recording and reproduction, such as vinyl records, tapes, compact discs, digital audiotapes, and MP3s.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty (&lt;/del&gt;WPPT&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;) was signed by the member states of &lt;/del&gt;the &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Intellectual_Property_Organization/ World Intellectual Property Organization] in order to regulate intellectual property &lt;/del&gt;rights of performers &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;and of producers of phonograms. By phonograms we signify means of sound recording and reproduction, such as vinyl records, tapes, compact discs, digital audiotapes, and MP3s which embody recordings.&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The WPPT &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;governs only &lt;/ins&gt;the rights of performers &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/ins&gt;such as actors, singers or musicians&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;) &lt;/ins&gt;whose performances are purely aural and are fixed to phonograms&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;; it does &lt;/ins&gt;not &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;govern &lt;/ins&gt;audiovisual performances recorded in media such as the motion pictures. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;The &lt;/ins&gt;producers of phonograms are &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;defined as &lt;/ins&gt;the persons or legal entities that take the initiative and have the responsibility for the fixation of the sounds.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;In the WPPT are addressed solely the rights of performers, &lt;/del&gt;such as actors, singers or musicians&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;, &lt;/del&gt;whose performances are purely aural and are fixed to phonograms &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;and &lt;/del&gt;not audiovisual performances recorded in media such as the motion pictures. &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;As regards &lt;/del&gt;producers of phonograms&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;, they &lt;/del&gt;are the persons or legal entities that take the initiative and have the responsibility for the fixation of the sounds.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The WPPT grants performers four kinds of economic rights in their performances fixed in phonograms, three kinds of economic rights in respect of their live performances as well as moral rights. On the other hand, producers of phonograms are only granted economic rights in their phonograms.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The WPPT grants performers four kinds of economic rights in their performances fixed in phonograms, three kinds of economic rights in respect of their live performances as well as moral rights. On the other hand, producers of phonograms are only granted economic rights in their phonograms.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;All the aforementioned rights of the performers and of the producers &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;should &lt;/del&gt;be protected according to the WPPT for a minimum duration of 50 years. The principles of national treatment and of automatic protection, as described earlier for the Berne Convention, also apply as a general rule for the WPPT. Thus, for example Italian performers and phonograms producers receive the same protection in France &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;with the &lt;/del&gt;French performers and producers. The enjoyment and exercise of the rights provided in the WPPT cannot be subject to any formality.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;All the aforementioned rights of the performers and of the producers &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;must &lt;/ins&gt;be protected according to the WPPT for a minimum duration of 50 years. The principles of national treatment and of automatic protection, as described earlier for the Berne Convention, also apply as a general rule for the WPPT. Thus, for example Italian performers and phonograms producers receive the same protection in France &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;as do &lt;/ins&gt;French performers and producers. The enjoyment and exercise of the rights provided in the WPPT cannot be subject to any formality.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The Treaty entered into force on May 20, 2002. The Director General of WIPO is the depositary of the Treaty. The WPPT is open only to Members of WIPO and to the European Community. &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Therefore only those countries can access &lt;/del&gt;the &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;WPPT without any modification of the original agreement. The &lt;/del&gt;Assembly constituted by the Treaty may decide to &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;admit &lt;/del&gt;other intergovernmental organizations to become &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;party &lt;/del&gt;to the &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;WPPT&lt;/del&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The Treaty entered into force on May 20, 2002. The Director General of WIPO is the depositary of the Treaty. The WPPT is open only to Members of WIPO and to the European Community. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt; However, &lt;/ins&gt;the Assembly constituted by the Treaty may decide to &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;allow &lt;/ins&gt;other intergovernmental organizations to become &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;parties &lt;/ins&gt;to the &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;treaty&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tfisher</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://cyber.harvard.edu/cx/?title=Examination_of_the_WPPT&amp;diff=596&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Avalle2: New page: WIPO Performance and Phonograms Treaty: hyperlinked contribution  The WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty (WPPT) was signed by the member states of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wo...</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://cyber.harvard.edu/cx/?title=Examination_of_the_WPPT&amp;diff=596&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2009-04-26T15:35:15Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;New page: WIPO Performance and Phonograms Treaty: hyperlinked contribution  The WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty (WPPT) was signed by the member states of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wo...&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;New page&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;WIPO Performance and Phonograms Treaty: hyperlinked contribution&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty (WPPT) was signed by the member states of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Intellectual_Property_Organization/ World Intellectual Property Organization] in order to regulate intellectual property rights of performers and of producers of phonograms. By phonograms we signify means of sound recording and reproduction, such as vinyl records, tapes, compact discs, digital audiotapes, and MP3s which embody recordings.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the WPPT are addressed solely the rights of performers, such as actors, singers or musicians, whose performances are purely aural and are fixed to phonograms and not audiovisual performances recorded in media such as the motion pictures. As regards producers of phonograms, they are the persons or legal entities that take the initiative and have the responsibility for the fixation of the sounds.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The WPPT grants performers four kinds of economic rights in their performances fixed in phonograms, three kinds of economic rights in respect of their live performances as well as moral rights. On the other hand, producers of phonograms are only granted economic rights in their phonograms.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
All the aforementioned rights of the performers and of the producers should be protected according to the WPPT for a minimum duration of 50 years. The principles of national treatment and of automatic protection, as described earlier for the Berne Convention, also apply as a general rule for the WPPT. Thus, for example Italian performers and phonograms producers receive the same protection in France with the French performers and producers. The enjoyment and exercise of the rights provided in the WPPT cannot be subject to any formality.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Treaty entered into force on May 20, 2002. The Director General of WIPO is the depositary of the Treaty. The WPPT is open only to Members of WIPO and to the European Community. Therefore only those countries can access the WPPT without any modification of the original agreement. The Assembly constituted by the Treaty may decide to admit other intergovernmental organizations to become party to the WPPT.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Avalle2</name></author>
	</entry>
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