Report September 2009 - Revision history

EGraeff: /* Publications */

2009-10-22T03:35:42Z

Publications

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:35, 22 October 2009
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	****Creative Commons licenses will be used for the new course material		****Creative Commons licenses will be used for the new course material
	****ADA compliance, previously unincorporated in OER initiatives, has been included to ensure courses are accessible to all students		****ADA compliance, previously unincorporated in OER initiatives, has been included to ensure courses are accessible to all students
	***Future policy should focus on government incentivizing open and interoperable-licensed EM and updating state adoption policies to cover a wider range of digital formats.		***Future policy should focus on further government incentivizing open and interoperable-licensed EM for K-12 and Higher Education, and updating state adoption policies to cover a wider range of digital formats.
	* '''Summary Research Report'''		* '''Summary Research Report'''
	** Still in early stages of writing		** Still in early stages of writing

EGraeff: /* General Status */

2009-10-22T03:34:07Z

General Status

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	== Educational Materials ==		== Educational Materials ==
	=== General Status ===		=== General Status ===
	The focus of August and September was on [[#Interviews\|interviews]] with key players in OER to gain a sense of how projects conceived of their outputs, community-focus, and relationship to traditional EM publishers. This resulted in an [[#Publications\|essay]] discussing public policies that were repeatedly touched upon in the interviews. From here, there is a need to reach out for interviews from representatives at for-profit publishing houses to document their perspectives and product goals, and then summarize the research into a single report.		The focus of August and September was on [[#Interviews\|interviews]] with key players in the OER movement to gain a sense of how projects conceived of their outputs, community-focus, and relationship to traditional EM publishers. This resulted in an [[#Publications\|essay]] discussing public policies that were repeatedly touched upon in the interviews. From here, there is a need to reach out for interviews from representatives at for-profit publishing houses to document their perspectives and product goals, and then summarize the research into a single report.

	====Interviews====		====Interviews====

EGraeff: /* Educational Materials */

2009-10-22T03:33:40Z

Educational Materials

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	* '''September'''		* '''September'''
	**[[Neeru Khosla Interview Notes - September 4, 2009\|Neeru Khosla]], Executive Director, [http://ck12.org CK-12 Foundation]		**[[Neeru Khosla Interview Notes - September 4, 2009\|Neeru Khosla]], Executive Director, [http://ck12.org CK-12 Foundation]
	**[[Peter Levy Interview Notes - September 18, 2009\|Peter Levy]], Strategic Development, [http://curriki.org Curriki] (''~~Presentation by~~ Peter ~~hosted~~ at Berkman on 9/18'')		**[[Peter Levy Interview Notes - September 18, 2009\|Peter Levy]], Strategic Development, [http://curriki.org Curriki] (''We hosted Peter for a presentation at Berkman on 9/18'')
	**[[Cathy Swift Interview Notes - September 21, 2009\|Cathy Swift]], Director of Academic Partner Services, [http://merlot.org/ MERLOT]		**[[Cathy Swift Interview Notes - September 21, 2009\|Cathy Swift]], Director of Academic Partner Services, [http://merlot.org/ MERLOT]
	* '''October'''		* '''October'''
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	====Publications====		====Publications====
	* Publius Project: [http://publius.cc/brief_overview_us_public_policy_oer_californias_community_colleges_obama_ad "A Brief Overview of U.S. Public Policy on OER from California's Community Colleges to the Obama Administration"]		* '''Publius Project Essay''': [http://publius.cc/brief_overview_us_public_policy_oer_californias_community_colleges_obama_ad "A Brief Overview of U.S. Public Policy on OER from California's Community Colleges to the Obama Administration"]
	** Used notes from ~~several~~ interviews in August and September to discuss public policy issues affecting OER adoption at various levels		** Used notes from interviews in August and September to discuss public policy issues affecting OER adoption at various levels
	** Key Points:		** Key Points:
	***		***[[California#2009_Open_Source_Digital_Textbook_Initiative\|California Free Digital Textbook Initiative]]
			****In June, Gov. Schwarzenegger called for free digital K-12 math and science textbooks to be submitted for state adoption and distributed as static PDFs to CA schools
	* Based on a series of interviews conducted in August and September, starting with [[~~Hal_Plotkin_Interview_Notes_-_August_10%2C_2009~~\|~~Hal Plotkin~~]], ~~Senior Advisor~~ in the ~~Dept.~~ of ~~Education led~~ to ~~a number of insights on public policy issues affect on~~ OER		****Three OER projects submitted texts: CK-12 Foundation, Curriki, and Connexions (CK-12's standards-oriented FlexBooks excelled in the review process)
			****Issue: the (5 years static) PDFs fail to embody the open participation in, sharing of, and access to EM that would be considered open-source by the OER movement
	~~We used~~ the [[~~California~~#~~2009_Open_Source_Digital_Textbook_Initiative~~\|~~California Free Digital Textbook~~ Initiative]] as a ~~landmark~~.		****Issue: CA's state adoption policy involves both content and "social" standards to be met for all recommend textboooks; the free books only passed the first review and thus could not be officially recommended by the state
			****Issue: Schwarzenegger's argument for saving the state money with these books is faulty based on additional printing and technology costs to use the free PDFs
			***[[Overall_Picture_of_the_EM_field#American_Graduation_Initiative_.282009.29\|American Graduation Initiative]]
			****In July, Obama pledged $500 million to creating new open online courses for U.S. community colleges
			****Creative Commons licenses will be used for the new course material
			****ADA compliance, previously unincorporated in OER initiatives, has been included to ensure courses are accessible to all students
			***Future policy should focus on government incentivizing open and interoperable-licensed EM and updating state adoption policies to cover a wider range of digital formats.
			* '''Summary Research Report'''
			** Still in early stages of writing
			** Working on compelling story that interweaves market dynamics w/ policy forces

	=== Work Completed ===		=== Work Completed ===

EGraeff: /* Educational Materials */

2009-10-22T02:24:52Z

Educational Materials

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	**[[Anne Schreiber Interview Notes - August 27, 2009\|Anne Schreiber]], Chief Academic Officer, [http://curriki.org Curriki]		**[[Anne Schreiber Interview Notes - August 27, 2009\|Anne Schreiber]], Chief Academic Officer, [http://curriki.org Curriki]
	* '''September'''		* '''September'''
	**[[Neeru Khosla Interview Notes - September 4, 2009\|Neeru Khosla]]~~'''~~, Executive Director, [http://ck12.org CK-12 Foundation]		**[[Neeru Khosla Interview Notes - September 4, 2009\|Neeru Khosla]], Executive Director, [http://ck12.org CK-12 Foundation]
	**[[Peter Levy Interview Notes - September 18, 2009\|Peter Levy]], Strategic Development, [http://curriki.org Curriki] (''~~Talk w/~~ Peter hosted at Berkman on 9/18'')		**[[Peter Levy Interview Notes - September 18, 2009\|Peter Levy]], Strategic Development, [http://curriki.org Curriki] (''Presentation by Peter hosted at Berkman on 9/18'')
	**[[Cathy Swift Interview Notes - September 21, 2009\|Cathy Swift]], Director of Academic Partner Services, [http://merlot.org/ MERLOT]		**[[Cathy Swift Interview Notes - September 21, 2009\|Cathy Swift]], Director of Academic Partner Services, [http://merlot.org/ MERLOT]
	* '''October'''		* '''October'''
	**[[Bill Hughes Interview Notes - October 7, 2009\|Bill Hughes]]~~'''~~, Director of New Ventures and Business Development, [http://www.pearsoned.com/ Pearson Education]		**[[Bill Hughes Interview Notes - October 7, 2009\|Bill Hughes]], Director of New Ventures and Business Development, [http://www.pearsoned.com/ Pearson Education]

	====Publications====		====Publications====

EGraeff: /* Educational Materials */

2009-10-22T02:24:20Z

Educational Materials

@@ Line 194: / Line 194: @@
 == Educational Materials ==
 === General Status ===
-* Published essay at Publius Project: [http://publius.cc/brief_overview_us_public_policy_oer_californias_community_colleges_obama_ad "A Brief Overview of U.S. Public Policy on OER from California's Community Colleges to the Obama Administration"]
+The focus of August and September was on [[#Interviews|interviews]] with key players in OER to gain a sense of how projects conceived of their outputs, community-focus, and relationship to traditional EM publishers. This resulted in an [[#Publications|essay]] discussing public policies that were repeatedly touched upon in the interviews. From here, there is a need to reach out for interviews from representatives at for-profit publishing houses to document their perspectives and product goals, and then summarize the research into a single report.
-'''Status of Technology and Market Knowledge'''
+====Interviews====
-* Based on a series of interviews conducted in August and September, starting with [[Hal_Plotkin_Interview_Notes_-_August_10%2C_2009|Hal Plotkin]], Senior Advisor in the Dept. of Education
+* '''August'''
- led to a number of insights on public policy issues affect on OER
+====Publications====
 We used the [[California#2009_Open_Source_Digital_Textbook_Initiative|California Free Digital Textbook Initiative]] as a landmark.
 === Work Completed ===

EGraeff: /* Educational Materials */

2009-10-21T23:21:54Z

Educational Materials

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:21, 21 October 2009
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	== Educational Materials ==		== Educational Materials ==
	=== General Status ===		=== General Status ===
			* Published essay at Publius Project: [http://publius.cc/brief_overview_us_public_policy_oer_californias_community_colleges_obama_ad "A Brief Overview of U.S. Public Policy on OER from California's Community Colleges to the Obama Administration"]

	'''Status of Technology and Market Knowledge'''		'''Status of Technology and Market Knowledge'''
	*		* Based on a series of interviews conducted in August and September, starting with [[Hal_Plotkin_Interview_Notes_-_August_10%2C_2009\|Hal Plotkin]], Senior Advisor in the Dept. of Education

			led to a number of insights on public policy issues affect on OER

			We used the [[California#2009_Open_Source_Digital_Textbook_Initiative\|California Free Digital Textbook Initiative]] as a landmark.


	*We have spent the month working on an update paper on the research we have completed to this point including:		*We have spent the month working on an update paper on the research we have completed to this point including:
	**History of the market for solar PV and solar CSP, wind, and tidal wave technologies.		**History of the market for solar PV and solar CSP, wind, and tidal wave technologies.

EGraeff: /* Educational Materials */

2009-10-21T21:38:23Z

Educational Materials

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:38, 21 October 2009
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	=== Work Completed ===		=== Work Completed ===
	*[[~~Give_an_overall_picture_of_the_AE_field\|~~Overall ~~picture~~ of the field]]		* The K-12 Level
			**[[Overall Picture of the EM-K12 field]]
			**[[IP Profile of Biggest for-profit companies in EM-K12]]

			* The Higher Education Level
			**[[Overall Picture of the EM field]]
			**[[IP Profile of Biggest for-profit companies in EM]]

			* Interview Notes (to date)
			*:[[Educational Materials#Interviews]]

	=== Work Partially Completed ===		=== Work Partially Completed ===
	*[[~~Overview_of_Economics_of_Intellectual_Property_in_AE\|Overview~~ of ~~economics~~ of IP in AE]]		* The K-12 Level
	*[[~~Country_AE_Profiles\|Country AE profiles~~]]		**[[Data, narratives and tools produced by the EM-K12 field]]
	*[[~~Innovations_in_Wind%2C_Solar_and_Tidal\|Innovations~~ in ~~wind~~, ~~solar~~ and ~~tidal~~]]		**[[Competitive advantages in EM-K12]]
	*[[~~IP_in_AE\|~~IP in AE]]		**[[IP Profile of non-profit companies in EM-K12]]
	*[[~~Competitive_advantages_in_AE\|~~Competitive ~~Advantages~~ in AE]]		**[[IP Profile of Associations in EM-K12]]
	*[[~~IP_Profile_of_non-profit_companies_in_AE\|~~IP ~~profile~~ of non-profit companies in AE]]		**[[Commons-based Cases in EM-K12]]
	*[[~~IP_Profile_of_Universities_working_in_AE\|~~IP ~~profile~~ of ~~universities~~ in AE]]		**[[Alternative Business Models in EM-K12]]
	*[[~~IP_Profile_of_Associations_in_AE\|~~IP ~~profile~~ of Associations in AE]]
	*[[~~Commons_based_cases_in_AE\|~~Commons-based ~~cases~~ in AE]]		* The Higher Education Level
			**[[Overview of Economics of Intellectual Property in EM]]
			**[[Data, narratives and tools produced by the EM field]]
			**[[IP in EM]]
			**[[Competitive advantages in EM]]
			**[[IP Profile of non-profit companies in EM]]
			**[[IP Profile of Universities working in EM]]
			**[[IP Profile of Associations in EM]]
			**[[Commons-based Cases in EM]]
			**[[Alternative Business Models in EM]]

	=== Work Remaining ===		=== Work Remaining (nothing specifically relevant found here yet) ===
	*~~The remainder~~ of ~~the "work partially completed" information.~~		**[[Overview of Economics of Intellectual Property in EM-K12]]
			**[[IP in EM-K12]]
			**[[IP Profile of Universities working in EM-K12]]
			**[[Alternative Business Models in EM-K12]]

	=== Research Methodology in use ===		=== Research Methodology in use ===
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	=== Problems and Considerations ===		=== Problems and Considerations ===
	*Traditional educational materials and the output of modularized OER projects cannot be compared using quality or scale of adoption		*Traditional educational materials and the output of modularized OER projects cannot be compared using quality, sales, or scale of adoption
	*~~:How do we~~		*Pearson's latest developments suggest that the industry is poised to shift away from textbook model toward educational services, though demand is not yet there.
			**Content creation could be open for participation and access but what restrictions will apply whether de jure by design or de facto via social and economic (dis)incentives.
	*~~How do we maintain proper brevity in the research when~~ the ~~UNFCCC discussions open our analysis to a far larger pool~~ of ~~technologies~~?		**What is the role of copyrighted content in this scenario? Still not clear.
	*~~What information should we aim~~ to ~~obtain through interviews~~?		**Will this introduce a greater role for patents as business methods and software are developed to deliver educational services?
	*~~How do we find more specific information about the~~ for-profit ~~company patent battles?~~		*Our original study of innovation landmarks in EM publishing was too restricted
	*~~How do we address~~ the ~~difficulty of identifying commons-based production models~~ in ~~an industry that is based on manufacturing?~~		**Need to develop a timeline of technological innovation in for-profit educational materials products that charts the creation of new markets and evolution of new markets.
			**The timeline would include the relevant intellectual property controls put in place at each step (e.g. Blackboard's LMS patents).

	=== Next Steps ===		=== Next Steps ===
	* Complete a summary report on the political economy of the EM industry and the successes of and barriers for Open Educational Resources		* Complete a summary report on the political economy of the EM industry and the successes of and barriers for Open Educational Resources
	* Expand interviews to include a larger set of for-profit actors.		* Expand interviews to include a larger set of for-profit actors.
	* Develop a timeline of technological innovation in for-profit educational materials products that charts the creation of new markets and evolution of new markets.
	* Examine role of for-profit educational institutions (e.g. Kaplan), which command a significant percentage of publisher sales.		* Examine role of for-profit educational institutions (e.g. Kaplan), which command a significant percentage of publisher sales.
	* Re-examine the role of bookstores and online retailers ~~(e.g. Amazon) of~~ Educational Materials as a major market force.		* Re-examine the role of bookstores and online retailers Educational Materials as a major (post-Amazon) market force.
			* Start paper on the latest for-profit EM publisher dynamics

EGraeff at 20:52, 21 October 2009

2009-10-21T20:52:20Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:52, 21 October 2009
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	== Educational Materials ==		== Educational Materials ==
			=== General Status ===
			'''Status of Technology and Market Knowledge'''
			*
			*We have spent the month working on an update paper on the research we have completed to this point including:
			**History of the market for solar PV and solar CSP, wind, and tidal wave technologies.
			**History of the supply-push (R&D and demonstration funding) policies that have been used in the US to encourage development of these alternative energy technologies
			**History of the demand-pull (subsidy and deployment funding) policies that have been used to encourage the market for the alternative energy technologies.
			**A closer look at the breakdown of private R&D funding vs. public R&D funding and how much public R&D funding is being awarded to universities and academic research centers.
			**The more recent discussions related to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the design of a replacement treaty to the Kyoto protocol which expires in 2012. Central to these discussions are debates about the use of compulsory licensing for clean technology that could be critical to climate change mitigation. This portion of the paper has taken our research in a distinctly different direction than our original plans had outlined:
			***The most current issues around IP in the alternative energy market are the debates around whether compulsory licensing should be used to compel developed countries to license their patents to developing countries when the technologies are critical to climate change mitigation efforts.
			***This debate involves a north-south world component, which was not the original focus of our research.
			***This debate concerns all clean technologies, rather than just alternative energy technologies (i.e. - in our research - solar wind, and tidal/wave).

			'''Status of Intellectual Property Knowledge'''
			*We have established that the main intellectual property tool we are researching are patents. There is a component to the research that could theoretically involve copyright, but this is based on publishing enzyme research for biofuels production, and biofuels are not one of our targeted technologies.
			**''Patents''
			***The market is quite young and each of our targeted technologies has a different history of market subsidies and development so the history of IP knowledge differs greatly.
			***There has been a general, overall increase in patents since the early 2000s in clean technologies, which are defined as both alternative energy technologies, and energy efficiency and carbon capture technologies. This has been tracked through the [http://cepgi.typepad.com/heslin_rothenberg_farley_/ Clean Energy Patent Growth Index]
			***''Wind''
			****Wind technology for electricity production had its genesis in the US in the 1970s. The main mechanical aspects of modern turbines were developed and patented in Denmark in the 1950s and today new patents are only being developed for improved efficiency systems like the drivetrains, blade aerodynamics, and gear boxes.
			****The wind turbine market has shown consolidation and companies like GE are known for aggressively defending their patents.
			***''Solar''
			****Solar photovoltaic (PV) and concentrating solar power (CSP) technologies have been on the market in the US since the 1970's but have suffered from very high costs and low efficiencies, which have necessitated large government subsidies. The subsidies have been subject to inconsistent application due to varying political priorities over the years and different administrations.
			****The market shows some consolidation, though many different companies manufacture many different parts of the panels, and the advent of thin-film panels has resulted in increasing patenting activity.
			***''Tidal/Wave''
			****The tidal/wave technology industry is a very recent development, and these technologies have very little adoption throughout the world.
			****Patenting has been increasing in these technologies, but the market is waiting for the encouragement of government subsidies to decrease costs to the developer, and there have been hold-ups due to the difficulty of receiving permits to conduct offshore test trials. These difficulties point toward the increased complications that will be faced in receiving permits to actually construct working offshore tidal/wave energy plants.

			**''General IP knowledge''
			***It is evident that, predictably, as more government and private R&D (as well as venture capital (VC) and private equity) funds are allocated toward these technologies, more patents are filed for. These measures indicate that new innovation is "likely" happening, though it is very hard to measure the quality of the patents and whether these technologies are disruptive. We are relying on interviews to try and determine this.
			***The complicated relationship of the technologies with government subsidies have created an artificial market which is subject to periods of feast or famine throughout the world. The US has been very inconsistent with subsidies and is therefore falling behind in technology development, while Europe and Japan have been largely consistent with subsidies and have attained more dominant positions in the market.
			***China, a late entrant to the alternative energy and clean technology race, has entered the market with prodigious subsidies and a rapidly growing manufacturing presence of low-cost wind and solar technology. they have established themselves as a dominant player in the technology market in a very short period of time.
			***the debates around compulsory licensing for critical climate change mitigation technologies have been pushed for by emerging economies such as China, India, and Brazil.
			****The US Secretary of Energy, Steven Chu, has agreed with the reasoning for sharing IP, but the US Chamber of Commerce has led a largely successful effort to ensure that the US will not loosen IPR for the UNFCCC treaty.

			*Only 1 bona-fide commons-based example of technology sharing has emerged in the literature or through interviews. The Pure Energy Systems Wiki ([http://peswiki.com/index.php/Main_Page PESWiki])

			'''Bibliography and Paper Organization'''
			*The bibliography continues to grow. There is a new comprehensive bibliography that includes all sources: [[All Bibliographic Sources]]
			**While we are trying to stay true to the original focus of the research on wind, solar and tidal technology in the US and select other countries, the debates around the UNFCCC discussions for the Copenhagen Summit in December 2009 are the most current examples of IP issues in this field.
			**Once the paper is complete all the relevant information that isn't already in the wiki will be entered.
			*The [[Paper]] is coming along.

			=== Work Completed ===
			*[[Give_an_overall_picture_of_the_AE_field\|Overall picture of the field]]

			=== Work Partially Completed ===
			*[[Overview_of_Economics_of_Intellectual_Property_in_AE\|Overview of economics of IP in AE]]
			*[[Country_AE_Profiles\|Country AE profiles]]
			*[[Innovations_in_Wind%2C_Solar_and_Tidal\|Innovations in wind, solar and tidal]]
			*[[IP_in_AE\|IP in AE]]
			*[[Competitive_advantages_in_AE\|Competitive Advantages in AE]]
			*[[IP_Profile_of_non-profit_companies_in_AE\|IP profile of non-profit companies in AE]]
			*[[IP_Profile_of_Universities_working_in_AE\|IP profile of universities in AE]]
			*[[IP_Profile_of_Associations_in_AE\|IP profile of Associations in AE]]
			*[[Commons_based_cases_in_AE\|Commons-based cases in AE]]

			=== Work Remaining ===
			*The remainder of the "work partially completed" information.

			=== Research Methodology in use ===
			* Literature review
			* Data collection and analysis of industry sales and adoptions
			* Interviews

			=== Problems and Considerations ===
			*Traditional educational materials and the output of modularized OER projects cannot be compared using quality or scale of adoption
			*:How do we

			*How do we maintain proper brevity in the research when the UNFCCC discussions open our analysis to a far larger pool of technologies?
			*What information should we aim to obtain through interviews?
			*How do we find more specific information about the for-profit company patent battles?
			*How do we address the difficulty of identifying commons-based production models in an industry that is based on manufacturing?

			=== Next Steps ===
			* Complete a summary report on the political economy of the EM industry and the successes of and barriers for Open Educational Resources
			* Expand interviews to include a larger set of for-profit actors.
			* Develop a timeline of technological innovation in for-profit educational materials products that charts the creation of new markets and evolution of new markets.
			* Examine role of for-profit educational institutions (e.g. Kaplan), which command a significant percentage of publisher sales.
			* Re-examine the role of bookstores and online retailers (e.g. Amazon) of Educational Materials as a major market force.

SBauer: /* General Status */

2009-10-21T14:46:25Z

General Status

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:46, 21 October 2009
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	**While we are trying to stay true to the original focus of the research on wind, solar and tidal technology in the US and select other countries, the debates around the UNFCCC discussions for the Copenhagen Summit in December 2009 are the most current examples of IP issues in this field.		**While we are trying to stay true to the original focus of the research on wind, solar and tidal technology in the US and select other countries, the debates around the UNFCCC discussions for the Copenhagen Summit in December 2009 are the most current examples of IP issues in this field.
	**Once the paper is complete all the relevant information that isn't already in the wiki will be entered.		**Once the paper is complete all the relevant information that isn't already in the wiki will be entered.
			*The [[Paper]] is coming along.

	=== Work Completed ===		=== Work Completed ===

SBauer: /* Work Partially Completed */

2009-10-21T14:44:39Z

Work Partially Completed

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:44, 21 October 2009
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	=== Work Partially Completed ===		=== Work Partially Completed ===
			*[[IP_Profile_of_Biggest_for-profit_companies_in_AE\|IP profile of the biggest for-profit companies in AE]]
	*[[Overview_of_Economics_of_Intellectual_Property_in_Kits\|Overview of Economics of Intellectual Property in Kits]]		*[[Overview_of_Economics_of_Intellectual_Property_in_Kits\|Overview of Economics of Intellectual Property in Kits]]
	*[[IP_in_Kits\|IP in Kits]]		*[[IP_in_Kits\|IP in Kits]]