Biotechnology - Genomic and Proteomics/IP Profile of Biggest for-profit companies in BGP/BGP Company Profiles - Data

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Celera

Amgen

  • Headquarters: Thousand Oaks, CA
  • 16,900 employees (2008 Corporate report)
  • History of acquisition:
    • 1994 - Synergen, Inc.
    • 2000 - Kinetix Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
    • 2002 - Immunex Corporation
    • 2004 - Tularik, Inc.
    • 2006 - Abgenix, Inc.
    • 2006 - Avidia, Inc.
    • 2007 - Ilypsa, Inc.
    • 2007 - Alantos Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc.
  • Subsidiaries:
    • Amgen Australia Pty Ltd.;
    • Amgen N.V.; Amgen Canada Inc.;
    • Amgen Greater China Ltd.;
    • Amgen GmbH (Germany);
    • Amgen S.A. (France);
    • Amgen S.p.A. (Italy);
    • Amgen K.K. (Japan);
    • Amgen B.V. (Netherlands);
    • Amgen-Biofarmaceutica (Portugal);
    • Amgen S.A. (Spain);
    • Amgen (Europe) AG (Switzerland);
    • Kirin-Amgen, Inc. (Switzerland);
    • Amgen Limited (U.K.);
    • Amgen Sales Corporation (West Indies).
  • Unlike many biotech companies, has been consistently profitable. Net profit in 2006 was US$2.9 Billion
  • History: **Managed to turn itself from a drug research company into a pharmaceutical company while maintaining steady sales - extremely rare in the industry.
    • Founded in 1980. By 1986 was starting to turn a profit, but did so not through drug development but through research partnerships with established pharma firms
    • 1987, develop erythropoietin (EPO), which stimulates red blood cell creation. Sold the marketing rights to Johnson&Johnson
    • Epogen proves to hugely popular - over $250m in sales in 1991 alone
    • Between 1992 and 1996, Amgen's R&D budget goes from $182 million to $663 million
  • It has ten approved drugs for 15 conditions, 23 agents are being tested earlier in the approval pipeline as of 2009
    • drugs include: Epogen, Aranesp, Enbrel, Kineret, Neulasta, Neupogen, Sensipar / Mimpara and Nplate
  • As a side-result of this research, also publishes in academic journals
  • Others/Notes:
    • Amgen - marketing and R&D collaborations with (Powell pp. 72): ARRIS, Envirogen, Glycomex, Guilford, Interneuron, Regeneron, and Zynaxis. these companies develop the product that Amgen later produces and markets. Perhaps there are instances of commons-like sharing here. Further investigation needed
    • Seems to be engaging in some instances of open-ended research with universities. e.g., collaboration with MIT's Whitehead institute
    • Further instances of academic collaboration here
    • The results of some scientific collaborations are being released into the commons
  • It says its committed to sharing clinical testing results as soon as possible

Genentech

Genzyme

Gilead Sciences

  • Headquarters: Foster City, California
  • 3,400 hundred employees as of 2009
  • Growth based in large part on acquisition of other companies
  • Products for HIV/AIDS, respiratory and heart conditions, and liver disease
  • Over a dozen drugs in the development pipeline, Phase I or later
  • Acquisition history:
    • 1990 reaches agreement with Glaxo to research and develop "antisense" -- genetic code blockers
    • Goes public in 1992
    • 1996 - first commercial product, Vistide, treats cytomegalovirus
    • 1999 - acquires NeXstar Pharmaceuticals
    • 2003 acquires Triangle Pharmaceuticals
    • 2006, FDA approves Atripla for HIV-victims
    • 2006 acquires Corus Pharma, Inc.
    • 2006 acquires Myogen, Inc.
    • 2006 acquires Raylo Chemicals, a pharma producer - is Gilead Sciences trying to become a pharma company?
  • Other/Notes:
  • Foundation for bringing health care to under-served communities

Biogen Idec

  • Headquarters: Kendall Scquare, Cambridge
  • from Wikipedia: commercial affiliates in "Germany, France, Spain/Portugal, UK/Ireland, the Benelux, Sweden, Denmark, Norway, Finland, and Austria"
  • Research centers in San Diego and Research Triangle Park, N.C.
  • Treatments for Multiple Sclerosis, Crohn's disease, and a treatment for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma which is co-marketed with Genentech
  • Most revenue derived from Avonex, it's MS treatment
  • 2003, Biogen and IDEC merge
  • Others/Notes:

Cephalon

Who

  • 3,000 employees

What

  • Leading product - Provigil, to treat sleep disorder
  • Focus on Neurodegenerative diseases
  • has acquired the following firms: CIMA Labs, Anesta, and Laboratoire Lafon

Where

  • Frazer, PA

News

  • Founded in 1987, CEO Frank Baldino, Jr., Ph.D
  • Failure of neurodegenerative treatment in 1992 - discovered that the drug kept mice awake, turned it into Provigil in 1999 (Cephalon, "Our Story")
  • 2008, sales of US$1.943 billion
  • 2008 - Treanda - treatment for non-hodgkin's lymphoma - approved and launched
  • Stock has posted double-digit earnings this year (Bennett "It's Wake-Up Time for a Drug Maker's Shares")
  • 2009 - seeks approval for Nuvigil to treat Jet Lag (Kennedy, "Cephalon To Apply For FDA Approval For Nuvigil For Jet Lag")
  • 2009 - studies suggest Nuvigil could also be used to treat Bipolar Depression (Medical News Today, "Cephalon Announces Positive Results From A Phase Two Study Of NUVIGIL In Bipolar Depression")
  • 2009 - (unsubstantiated) gossip that Eli Lilly might consider purchasing Cephalon (Feuerstein, "What's on Lilly's Prescription Pad?") Further rumors of take-over: (Steven, "2 Potential Pharma M&A Targets: Cephalon and Genzyme")
  • 2009 - bid to take over Australian biotech firm. Interest in its treatments for inflammatory diseases and cancer (Domain-B, "Cephalon opens bid for Aussie bio-technology firm Arana")

Commons-Based, Peer-Production, and Open Access News

  • Interesting: Three areas for establishing collaborative studies (Cephalon, "Research Partnerships"):
    • Pre-clinical studies - has simple online form for obtaining Cephalon products for pre-clinical studies. Response within a month.
    • Cephalon-sponsored studies - can apply to work as an investigator in a Cephalon study
    • Investigator Sponsored Studies (ISS) - investigator herself designs the trial, gets the regulatory approval, interprets and communicates the results. It appears that you just submit a proposal, and if approved, Cephalon will fund the study (Cephalon, "Going Further in Research")
  • Also seems very open to potential business partnerships. All you have to do is send an email (Cephalon, "Business Collaboration")
  • Negative test results are being used to further general research on Parkinson's disease (Cephalon, "Our Science")
  • Corporate giving for health advocacy, science education, and community building in locations where Cephalon has offices (Cephalon, "Corporate Giving")
  • 2006 - collaboration with Ambit Biosciences to research kinase inhibitors (B-Net, "Ambit Biosciences Announces Discovery and Development Collaboration with Cephalon, Inc. Focused on Kinase Inhibitors")
  • Alzheimer's disease research collaboration with Scherring-Plough
  • Collaboration with Abbott Laboratories to produce and develop Gabitril, an anti-epilepsy drug (PR Newswire, "Abbott Laboratories and Cephalon Sign Collaboration Agreement for Gabitril(R) (Tiagabine Hydrochloride) in the United States")

MedImmune

Celgene

Abraxis BioScience

ImClone Systems

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