Telecommunications

Field Definition

Basic Definition

"The word 'telecommunications,' a twentieth century amalgam of Greek and Latin roots, literally means the art of conveying information 'from a distance.' . . . Today, although precise definitions differ, 'telecommunications' is broadly defined as the transmission of information by means of electromagnetic signals: over copper wires, coaxial cable, fiber-optic strands, or the airwaves." (Neuchterlein & Weiser 2007, at 1-2)

Taxonomy of Telecommunications Industries

Focus Market Segments

• Wireline
• Cable
• Commercial Wireless (Cell Phone)
• Unlicensed Wireless Data (esp. 802.11)
• Internet-Based Communications Platforms

Deprioritized Market Segments

• Satellite MVPD
• Broadcast TV
• Broadcast Radio
• Satellite Radio
• Other Wireless (public safety radios, dispatch radios, maritime communication, cordless phones, etc.)

Excluded From Field Definition

• Pure Content, including:
  • Television, or Radio Programmers (Other than Broadcast Networks, which are in a vertically integrated distribution-and-content businesses)
  • Online Content Platforms (vs. Communications Platforms) (e.g. Hulu, iTunes, Netflix). We also place user-generated content platforms like YouTube and Wikipedia in this category, although arguably they have a communications dimension.

Overview of the Field

Analysis of the field based on Field Research Methodology, but compacted and rearranged somewhat. I've also provided a reference page providing a Research Methodology Index for Telecommunications which maps specifically from the questions in the research methodology to the narrative below.

1. Introduction to Telecommunications Industries
2. Value Chain in Telecommunications
3. Economics of Intellectual Property in Telecommunications
   • Including a comparison of IP-based and non-IP-based sources of competitive advantage

Case Studies

Possible Ways to Organize Case Studies

Network Components

• Fiber
• Legacy Last Mile/Last 100 Feet (DOCSIS/DSL/MoCa?)
• Wireless Last Mile/Last 100 Feet (3G/4G/802.11)
• Services (Operator Provided Content & Managed Services / Internet "Over-the-Top" Services)

Layers

• Physical Layer
• Network Logical Layer
  • Data Link Layers
  • IP Layer
• Service/Application/Content Layer

Candidates for Case Studies

CDMA/Qualcomm (Wireless Last Mile ; Logical Layer)

• David J. Goodman & Robert A. Myers, 3G Cellular Standards and Patents, 2005 IEEE Wireless Comm. ?, available at http://eeweb.poly.edu/dgoodman/wirelesscom2005.pdf

GSM (Wireless Last Mile ; Logical Layer)

• Rudi Bekkers Bart Verspagen, Jan Smits, Intellectual Property Rights and Standardization: The Case of GSM, 26 Telecom. Pol. 171 (2002).
• Rudi Bekkers et al., Intellectual Property Rights, Strategic Technology Agreements and Market Structure: The Case of GSM (Sept. 2000), at http://www-edocs.unimaas.nl/files/mer00030.pdf
• Rudi Bekkers & Isabelle Liotard, European Standards for Mobile Communications: The Tense Relationship Between Standards and Intellectual Property Rights, 21 Eur. Intell. Prop. Rev. 110 (1999), available at http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/35/11/98/PDF/EIPR-1999.pdf.

Others

• SONET optical standard? - Fiber ; Logical Layer
• Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) - Fiber ; Physical Layer
• Discrete Multitone (part of the the DSL Standard) - Legacy Last Mile ; Logical Layer
• Some discrete component of DOCSIS standard (perhaps security protocols?) - Legacy Last Mile ; Logical Layer
• Some part of 802.11 standard - Wireless Last 100 Feet ; Logical Layer
• Internet Protocol - All Network Components ; Logical Layer (well known story, hugely important, illustrates public sector importance)
• Google Voice vs. New Alcatel-Lucent Voice Product - Service & Application Layer (direct competition between in-network and over-the-top services)
• WebEx Cisco Acquisition - Service & Application Layer (over the top provider gets bought by tradition in-network equipment provider)
• Some open source Internet-based telecom Project? - Service & Application Layer

Other Resources

Interviews

My current intention is to do interviews after I have written the narrative, and share that with interviewees as a first pass to get their reactions. Possible candidates for interviews:

• Tom Eisenmann, HBS
• Terry Huval, Director of Lafayette, LA Utility Systems‘ FTTH project

Bibliography

Jonathan E. Neuchterlein and Philip J. Weiser, Digital Crossroads: American Telecommunicaions Policy in the Internet Age, 2007.

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