Biotechnology - Genomic and Proteomics: Difference between revisions
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Revision as of 18:05, 26 February 2009
Field definition
Simply defined, biotechnology is any technology that relies on living organisms or biological systems. By this definition, human beings have been using biotechnology for thousands of years to produce food products, textiles and other necessary items. Several familiar items -- including yeast-rising bread, yogurt, cheese, wine, beer and vinegar -- are all produced with the help of cultured microorganisms.
In recent years, however, the term "biotechnology" has come to mean the use of genetic engineering and its associated techniques. This more common definition is found in a variety of applications, from medicine to agriculture.
The US biotechnology industry includes about 1,000 companies, with combined annual revenue close to $50 billion. Large companies include Amgen, Monsanto, Genentech, and Biogen. The biotechnology and the pharmaceutical industries overlap considerably, since many drugs are now developed using biotechnology. The industry consists of a few very large companies and many very small ones, and is fragmented by type of product. Most companies have annual sales under $50 million.
Industry overview here: Biotechnology Industry Organization
Key Industry Statistics
Key Industry Figures 2008
Industry Revenue *85,695.4$Mil
Revenue Growth *12.9%
Industry Gross Product *58,539.2 $Mil
Number of Establishments *6,815 Units
Number of Enterprises *6,480 Units
Employment *341,000 Units
Exports *7,251$Mil
Imports *2,954.7$Mil
Total Wages *20,630.9$Mil
Source: Ibis World
Market Actors
Government:
Universities:
Non-Profits:
For-Profits:
Foundations:
Funding structure of Actors
Actors IP Practices
Public Control and the norms controlling the Commons
- The case of Foundational Data
- The case of observational data
- The case of narratives
- The case of Informatics tools
- The case of Biological Materials
Possible Cases of Study
Industry:
Non-Profits:
o Distributed Annotation System
o [www.hapmap.org HapMap]
o ENCODE
Resources
Interviews
Possible candidates for interviews: