Portions of this essay were adapted from William W. Fisher III, Morton J. Horwitz, and Thomas A. Reed, eds., American Legal Realism (New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1993), and William W. Fisher III, The Development of Modern American Legal Theory and the Judicial Interpretation of the Bill of Rights, in Michael J. Lacey, ed., A Culture of Rights (New York: Cambridge Univ. Press, 1991).