The following are the principal essays in this vein:

• Partha Dasgupta, "Patents, Priority and Imitation or, The Economics of Races and Waiting Games," Economics Journal 98 (1988): 66, 74-78;
• Partha Dasgupta and Joseph Stiglitz, "Uncertainty, Industrial Structure and the Speed of R&D," Bell Journal of Economics 11 (1980); 1, at 12-13;
• Mark F. Grady & J.I. Alexander. "Patent Law and Rent Dissipation," Virginia Law Review 78 (1992): 305;
• Louis Kaplow, "The Patent-Antitrust Intersection," Harvard Law Review;
• Michael L. Katz & Carl Shapiro, "R & D Rivalry with Licensing or Imitation," American Economic Review 77 (1987): 402;
• Edmund Kitch, "The Nature and Function of the Patent System," Journal of Law and Economics 20 (1977): 265;
• Edmund Kitch, "Patents, Prospects, and Economic Surplus: A Reply," Journal of Law and Economics 23 (1980): 205;
• Steven A. Lippman & Kevin F. McCardle, "Dropout Behavior in R&D Races with Learning," Rand Journal of Economics 18 (1987): 287;
• Glenn C. Loury, "Market Structure and Innovation," Quarterly Journal of Economics 93 (1979): 395;
• Robert Merges & Richard Nelson, "On the Complex Economics of Patent Scope," Columbia Law Review 90 (1990): 839-916, at 872;
• Frederic M. Scherer, "Research and Development Resource Allocation Under Rivalry," Quarterly Journal of Economics 81 (1967): 359, at 364-66;
• Pankaj Tandon, "Rivalry and the Excessive Allocation of Resources to Research," Bell Journal of Economics 14 (1983): 152;
• Brian D. Wright, "The Resource Allocation Problem in R & D," in The Economics of R & D Policy 41, 50 (George S. Tolley, James H. Hodge & James F. Oehmke eds., 1985).